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Modeling Intercalated Group-4-Metal Nitride Halide Superconductivity with Interlayer Coulomb Coupling

Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism volume 28, pages 2967–2978 (2015)Cite this article

Abstract

Behavior consistent with Coulomb-mediated high- T C superconductivity is shown to be present in the intercalated group-4-metal nitride halides A x (S) y MNX, where the MNX host (M = Ti, Zr, Hf; X = Cl, Br) is partially intercalated with cations A x and optionally molecular species (S) y in the van der Waals gap between the halide X layers, expanding the basal-plane spacing d. The optimal transition temperature is modeled by T C0 ∝ ζ −1(σ/ A)1/2, where the participating fractional charge per area per formula unit σ/A and the distance ζ, given by the transverse A x -X separation (ζ < d), govern the interlayer Coulomb coupling. From experiment results for β-form compounds based on Zr and Hf, in which concentrations x of A x are varied, it is shown that σ = γ[ v(x opt − x 0)], where x opt is the optimal doping, x 0 is the onset of superconducting behavior, v is the A x charge state, and γ = 1/8 is a factor determined by the model. Observations of T C < T C0 in the comparatively more disordered α-A x (S) y TiNX compounds are modeled as pair breaking by remote Coulomb scattering from the A x cations, which attenuates exponentially with increasing ζ. The T C0 values calculated for nine A x (S) y MNCl compounds, shown to be optimal, agree with the measured T C to within experimental error. The model for T C0 is also found to be consistent with the absence of high- T C characteristics for A x MNX compounds in which a spatially separated intercalation layer is not formed.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Dr. Shuai Zhang, Prof. Andrew M. Fogg, and Prof. Robert F. Marzke for providing helpful and important information.

Compliance with Ethical Standards

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Funding

This study was supported by Physikon Research Corporation (Project No. PL-206) and the New Jersey Institute of Technology.

Conflict of interests

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Physikon Research Corporation, Lynden, WA, 98264, USA

    Dale R. Harshman

  2. Department of Physics, The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, 23187, USA

    Dale R. Harshman

  3. Department of Physics, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA

    Anthony T. Fiory

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  1. Dale R. Harshman
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Correspondence to Dale R. Harshman.

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Harshman, D.R., Fiory, A.T. Modeling Intercalated Group-4-Metal Nitride Halide Superconductivity with Interlayer Coulomb Coupling. J Supercond Nov Magn 28, 2967–2978 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-015-3147-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-015-3147-x

Keywords

  • Doped metal nitride halides
  • Transition temperature
  • Coulombic mediation