Detecting the phase and polarization singularities of optical vortex (OV) beams is essential for integrated optical systems. So far, achieving the integration and further minimizing and stabilizing the orbital angular momentum (OAM) detector in more robust ways remain goals of related researches. In this study, we propose a semicircular nano-slit array to couple an OV beam to a focused surface plasmon beam (FSPB). The electric field intensities and movement of peak positions of FSPB are found to strongly depend on the topological charges of the incident OV beam. The positions of the FSPB can be controlled by an incident OV beam, which is left-circularly polarized (LCP) or right-circularly polarized (RCP). These results can be utilized for dynamical detection of topological charges values, positive or negative, odd or even, and polarization states of OV beams by a simple and intuitive method. Also, the electric field intensities of FSPB can be dynamically controlled by changing the structural parameters. These results provide an integrated and miniaturized method for detecting the topological charges of incident OV beams.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Y. Yang, Y. X. Ren, M. Chen, et al., Adv. Photonics, 3, 3 (2021).
Y. Lu, X. Feng, Q. Wang, et al., Nano Lett., 21, 7699 (2021).
W. Wang, T. Yokozeki, R. Ishijima, et al., Opt. Express, 14, 120 (2006).
C. L. Zhang, C. J. Min, L. P. Du, et al., Appl. Phys. Lett., 108, 201601 (2016).
J. Ng, Z. Lin, and C. T. Chan, Phys. Rev. Lett., 104, 103601 (2010).
F. F. Pang, L. N. Xiang, H. H. Liu, et al., J. Lightw. Technol., 39, 3740 (2021).
C. Zhang, R. Wang, C. Min, et al., Appl. Phys. Lett., 102, 011114 (2013).
Y. Yang, G. Thirunavukkarasu, M. Babiker, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., 119, 9 (2017).
L. Chen, Y. Liu, L. Zhao, et al., Opt. Mater. Express, 12, 1163 (2022).
Z. Shao, J. Zhu, Y. Zhang, et al., Opt. Lett., 43, 6 (2018).
H. Zhou, H. Song, Z. Zhao, et al., Opt. Lett., 46, 4722 (2021).
Y. Yang, Q. Zhao, L. Liu, et al., Phys. Rev. A, 12, 6 (2019).
J. Ni, Y. Hu, S. Liu, et al., Opt. Lett., 46, 6 (2021).
X. F. Wang, J. F. Wang, M. B. Yan, et al., Opt. Mater. Express, 12, 1271 (2022).
Y. Yang, L. Wu, Y. Liu, et al., Nano Lett., 20, 6774 (2020).
M. Piccardo, M. De Oliveira, A. Toma, et al., Nat. Photonics, 16, 359 (2022).
A. P. Porfirev, A. V. Ustinov, and S. N. Khonina, Sci. Rep., 6, 1 (2016); https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-016-0015-2
F. Yue, D. Wen, C. Zhang, et al., Adv. Mater., 29, 1603838 (2017).
Z. Hao, W. Liu, Z. Li, et al., Laser Photonics Rev., 15, 2100207.1 (2021).
W. Liu, Z. Li, Z. Li, et al., Adv. Mater., 31, 1901729 (2019).
J. Jin, X. Li, M. Pu, et al., Science, 24, 2 (2021).
G. H. Kai, T. X. Yang, et al., Nanoscale, 10, 19154 (2018).
Y. Wen, I. Chremmos, Y. Chen, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., 120, 19 (2018).
P. Genevet, J. Lin, M. A. Katsl, et al., Nat. Commun., 3, 1278 (2012).
G. Rui, B. Gu, Y. Cui, et al., Sci. Rep., 6, 28262 (2016).
J. M. Hickmann, E. Fonseca, W. C. Soares, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., 105, 5 (2010).
G. C. G. Berkhout and M. W. Beijersbergen, Phys. Rev. Lett., 101, 10 (2008).
Q. I. Zhao, M. Dong, Y. Bai, et al., Res. Photonics, 8, 5(2020).
S. Wei, T. Lei, L. Du, et al., Opt. Express, 23, 30143 (2015).
J. Chen, X. Chen, T. Li, et al., Rev. Laser Photonics, 12, 1700331 (2018).
F. Feng, G. Si, C. Min, et al., Light: Sci. Appl., 9, 95 (2020).
A. P. Liu, X. Xiong, X. F. Ren, et al., Sci. Rep., 3, 6146 (2013).
K. Sueda, G. Miyaji, N. Miyanaga, et al., Opt. Express, 12, 3548 (2004).
I. Epstein and A. Arie, Phys. Rev. Lett., 112, 023903 (2014).
B. Lee, S. Kim, H. Kim, et al., Prog. Quantum Electron., 34, 2 (2010).
C. Zhao, J. Wang, X. Wu, et al., Appl. Phys. Lett., 94, 11 (2009).
M. A. Ordal, L. L. Long, R. J. Bell, et al., Appl. Optics, 22, 1099 (1983).
J. Leach, M. J. Padgett, S. M. Barnett, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., 88, 25 (2002).
H. Zhou, S. Yan, J. Dong, et al., Opt. Lett., 39, 11 (2014).
J. Qi, W. Wang, X. Li, et al., Opt. Eng., 53, 4 (2014).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Lu, H., Li, X., Li, X. et al. Detecting the Topological Charge of Optical Vortex Beams Using a Focused Surface Plasmonic Beam Generator. J Russ Laser Res 44, 25–35 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10946-023-10104-2
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10946-023-10104-2