Abstract
A MoO2/Mo2C hybrid catalyst supported on N-doped carbon (Mo2C/MoO2@NC) was successfully prepared, which is featured with moderate mesoporosity, uniform metallic nanoparticles, and rich oxygen-vacancies. It showed excellent efficiency (99% imine yield) and good reusability for oxidative self-coupling of benzylamine to N-benzylbenzaldimine under mild conditions (85 °C, 3 h, 1 bar O2). In addition, the catalyst Mo2C/MoO2@NC also exhibited a universal applicability for oxidative coupling of other primary amines to imines with impressive conversion and satisfying target product selectivity. This method provides an efficient and environment friendly strategy for catalytic synthesis of complex imines from primary amines.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.







References
J.G. Chen, Chem. Rev. 96(4), 1477–1498 (1996)
N. Ji, T. Zhang, M. Zheng, A. Wang, H. Wang, X. Wang, J.G. Chen, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 47(44), 8510–8513 (2008)
Q. Gao, W. Zhang, Z. Shi, L. Yang, Y. Tang, Adv. Mater. 31(2), 1802880 (2019)
Z. Li, C. Chen, E. Zhan, N. Ta, Y. Li, W. Shen, Chem. Commun. 50(34), 4469–4471 (2014)
E. Gomez, B. Yan, S. Kattel, J.G. Chen, Nat. Rev. Chem. 3(11), 638–649 (2019)
H. Sun, G. Li, J. Luo, M. Rao, Z. Peng, T. Jiang, Mater. Des. 193, 108803 (2020)
F.E. Kühn, A.M. Santos, M. Abrantes, Chem. Rev. 106(6), 2455–2475 (2006)
Y. Zhou, Y. Chai, X. Li, Z. Wu, J. Lin, Y. Han, L. Li, H. Qi, Y. Gu, L. Kang, X. Wang, ACS Catal. 11(24), 15223–15233 (2021)
R. Jana, C. Chowdhury, S. Malik, A. Datta, ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 2(8), 5613–5621 (2019)
X. Huang, G. Lu, K. Zhang, J. Liu, H. Zhang, Z. Guo, J. Tao, Appl. Surf. Sci. 514, 145948 (2020)
J. Xu, C. Zhang, H. Liu, J. Sun, R. Xie, Y. Qiu, F. Lü, Y. Liu, L. Zhuo, X. Liu, J. Luo, Nano Energy 70, 104529 (2020)
X. Li, J. Yu, J. Jia, A. Wang, L. Zhao, T. Xiong, H. Liu, W. Zhou, Nano Energy 62, 127–135 (2019)
B. Govinda Rao, P. Sudarsanam, A. Rangaswamy, B.M. Reddy, Catal. Lett. 145(7), 1436–1445 (2015)
H. Tian, X. Cui, L. Zeng, L. Su, Y. Song, J. Shi, J. Mater. Chem. A 7(11), 6285–6293 (2019)
C.P. Dong, Y. Higashiura, K. Marui, S. Kumazawa, A. Nomoto, M. Ueshima, A. Ogawa, ACS Omega 1(5), 799–807 (2016)
L. Peng, H.G. Baldovi, A. Dhakshinamoorthy, A. Primo, H. Garcia, ACS Omega 7(13), 11092–11100 (2022)
J.C. Espinosa, M. Álvaro, A. Dhakshinamoorthy, S. Navalón, H. García, ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 7(19), 15948–15956 (2019)
H. Ji, T. Fei, L. Zhang, J. Yan, Y. Fan, J. Huang, Y. Song, Y. Man, H. Tang, H. Xu, H. Li, Appl. Surf. Sci. 457, 1142–1150 (2018)
X. Liu, Y. Zhou, C.L. Wang, Y. Liu, D.J. Tao, Chem. Eng. J. 427, 130878 (2022)
H. Yan, Y. Xie, Y. Jiao, A. Wu, C. Tian, X. Zhang, L. Wang, H. Fu, Adv. Mater. 30(2), 1704156 (2018)
P. Phalswal, P.K. Khanna, Mater. Lett. 302, 130445 (2021)
J. Jia, T. Xiong, L. Zhao, F. Wang, H. Liu, R. Hu, J. Zhou, W. Zhou, S. Chen, ACS Nano 11(12), 12509–12518 (2017)
X. Zhao, Y. Zhou, K. Huang, C. Li, D.J. Tao, ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. 7(2), 1901–1908 (2018)
X. Tang, B. Zhang, Y. Li, Y. Xu, Q. Xin, W. Shen, Catal. Lett. 97(3), 163–169 (2004)
W. Cui, N. Cheng, Q. Liu, C. Ge, A.M. Asiri, X. Sun, ACS Catal. 4(8), 2658–2661 (2014)
L. Ma, P. Chen, G. Zhang, L. Wang, F. Tang, X. Zhao, J. Wang, J. Huang, Y.-N. Liu, ChemCatChem 13(14), 3283–3289 (2021)
X. Zhao, Y. Zhou, A.L. Jin, K. Huang, F. Liu, D.J. Tao, New J. Chem. 42(19), 15871–15878 (2018)
T. Li, J. He, B. Peña, C.P. Berlinguette, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 55(5), 1769–1772 (2016)
Q. Zhang, X. Zhao, L. Duan, H. Shen, R. Liu, T. Hou, CrystEngComm 22(31), 5245–5254 (2020)
X.H. Li, M. Antonietti, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 52(17), 4572–4576 (2013)
C. Wu, J. Bu, W. Wang, H. Shen, Y. Cao, H. Zhang, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 61(16), 5442–5452 (2022)
Q. Xu, B. Feng, C. Ye, Y. Fu, D.-L. Chen, F. Zhang, J. Zhang, W. Zhu, A.C.S. Appl, Mater. Interfaces 13(13), 15168–15177 (2021)
S. Shubhashish, H.S. Khanna, L.A. Achola, A.S. Amin, W.S. Willis, S.L. Suib, A.C.S. Appl, Nano Mater. 4(2), 2086–2097 (2021)
C.K.P. Neeli, S. Ganji, V.S.P. Ganjala, S.R.R. Kamaraju, D.R. Burri, RSC Adv. 4(27), 14128–14135 (2014)
M. Gopiraman, I.M. Chung, J. Taiwan. Inst. Chem. E. 81, 455–464 (2017)
J. Xu, J. Li, K. Yang, H. Li, J. Inorg. Organomet. 30(4), 1384–1392 (2020)
Funding
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China (22068013), the Key Research and Development Program of Jiangxi Province (20202BBGL73118), and the Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University (KFSEMC-202209). W.T.C. was supported by the Scientific Research Foundation of graduate innovation of Jiangxi Province Education Department (YC2021-B064).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
W-TC: Investigation, Writing-original draft, Data curation. SH: Methodology, Investigation. Z-HD: Methodology, Investigation. Y-XF: Methodology, Investigation. M-SS: Methodology, Investigation, Writing-review & editing. Z-ML: Funding acquisition, Methodology, Writing-review & editing. YZ: Supervision, Conceptualization, Resources, Writing-review & editing. D-JT: Supervision, Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Resources, Writing-review & editing.
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Competing interests
The authors declare no Competing interests.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Supplementary Information
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Chen, WT., Han, S., Dai, ZH. et al. Porous nitrogen-doped carbon supported MoO2/Mo2C hybrid catalyst for efficient oxidative coupling of primary amines to imines. J Porous Mater (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10934-022-01375-2
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10934-022-01375-2
Keywords
- Amines
- Imines
- Oxidative self-coupling
- Molybdenum carbide
- Oxygen vacancy