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Olive stones based carbon foam: synthesis, characterization and application on post-combustion CO2 adsorption

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Abstract

In the present paper, the performance of carbon foams to adsorb CO2 in post-combustion conditions using a thermo-gravimetric analyzer was investigated. Two types of carbon foams were prepared in this study from molten sucrose and activated carbon powder as foaming and foam setting agents by adding or not of nitric acid. Both carbon foams were subjected to chemical and textural characterization such as FT-IR, Boehm titration, SEM and physical adsorption. Then, these materials were evaluated for CO2 adsorption in a binary mixture (10% CO2 + 90% N2), representative of post-combustion conditions, at two temperatures 25 and 50 °C. The obtained carbon foams present a hierarchical macro–micro pore structure with narrow-micropores in the cell walls and micropores sizes of less than 0.6 nm. The produced adsorbent materials showed a high and competitive CO2 uptake in pure flow at 0 °C with a CO2 adsorption capacity of up to 3 mmol g−1. In addition, carbon foams adsorbents showed high CO2/N2 selectivity in binary (CO2 + N2) adsorption/desorption tests thanks to their very narrow microporosity not accessible for N2 molecules but accessible to CO2. Thus, biomass-based carbon foams are promising candidates to selectively capture CO2 in post-combustion conditions.

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Data availability

The datasets generated or analyzed during this study are available in [Data Availaibility Statement.rar] repository, [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1hkfXFCfYaI0HGUa2RF0grRGHkv2Lb5iP/view?usp=sharing].

Abbreviations

C:

Constant related to the boundary layer thickness

E0 :

Characteristic energy (kJ/mol)

k1 :

The pseudo-first order rate constant (s−1)

k2 :

The pseudo-second order rate constant (wt% s−1)

kint :

The intra-particle diffusion rate constant (wt% s−0.5)

L0 :

The narrow micropores width (nm)

P:

Pressure (bar)

P0 :

P0 Pression de saturation de l’adsorbat (bar)

P/P0 :

Relative pressure

qe :

The adsorbed amount of CO2 at equilibrium (wt%)

qt :

The adsorbed amount of CO2 at a given point of time t (wt%)

qe,cal :

The calculated amount of CO2 at equilibrium (wt%.)

qe,exp :

The experimental amount of CO2 at equilibrium (wt%)

Smic :

The micropore surface (m g−1)

T:

Temperature (°C)

t:

Time (min)

W0 :

The narrow micropore volume (cm3 g−1)

C12H22O11 :

Sucrose

C3H6O:

Acetone

CF900:

Carbon foam prepared using nitric acid

FESEM:

Fields emission scanning electron microscopy

FTIR:

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

H3PO4 :

Phosphoric acid

Image J:

Software from the SEM microstructure

IPCC:

Intergovernmental panel on climate change

LDF:

Pseudo-first order model

NH3 :

Nitric acid

NF900:

Carbon foam prepared without nitric acid

NLDFT:

Non-local density function theory

AC:

Olive stones based activated carbon

pHPZC :

PH at the point of zero charge

QDF:

Pseudo-second order model

SEM:

Scanning electron microscopy

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to express their gratitude to the PrEM Group at INCAR-CSIC, Oviedo, Spain for the access to the techniques and analysis support, and the Research Laboratory: Process Engineering and Industrial Systems (LR11ES54) from National School of Engineers of Gabes (Tunisia) for the financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Research: Process Engineering and Industrial Systems (LR11ES54), National School of Engineers of Gabes (ENIG), University of Gabes (UnivGb), 6029, Gabes, Tunisia

    Meriem Moussa, Thouraya Bohli & Abdelmottaleb Ouederni

  2. Instituto Ciencia Y Tecnología del Carbono, INCAR-CSIC/Francisco Pintado Fe 26, 33011, Oviedo, Spain

    Covadonga Pevida & Nausika Querejeta

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  1. Meriem Moussa
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Moussa, M., Bohli, T., Pevida, C. et al. Olive stones based carbon foam: synthesis, characterization and application on post-combustion CO2 adsorption. J Porous Mater 29, 1097–1112 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10934-022-01240-2

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