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Holocene vegetation evolution, hydrologic variability and sea-level fluctuations on the south coastal plain of Laizhou Bay, Bohai Sea, China: new evidence from pollen, freshwater algae and dinoflagellate cysts

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Abstract

Holocene palynological evidence from the Bohai Sea coastal areas have not been sufficiently discovered. In this study, we carry out analyses using detailed palynological records of pollen, spores, freshwater algae and marine dinoflagellate cysts from Borehole X1 on the south coastal plain of Laizhou Bay, Bohai Sea, northern China. The results based on radiocarbon chronology show vegetation evolution, hydrologic variability and sea-level fluctuations during the Holocene. Abundant non-arboreal pollen (mainly, Artemisia, Chenopodiaceae and grass-type Poaceae) and small amounts of arboreal pollen (mainly Pinus and Quercus-deciduous) and fern spores were identified in this study, suggesting that coastal steppes and coniferous and broadleaved mixed forests flourished in the study area and its adjacent areas, and a cold and dry climate with less precipitation and lower sea-level than the present during the Early Holocene, ca. 9910–7440 cal. yr BP. After that, the steppe areas began to shrink, and coniferous and broadleaved mixed forest areas began to expand, indicating a relatively warm and humid climatic conditions, with more precipitation and marine transgression processes during the Mid-Holocene, ca. 7440–3650 cal. yr BP. Afterwards, relatively cool and dry climatic conditions predominated, with less precipitation. While sea-level continued to rise slowly during the Late Holocene, ca. 3650 cal. yr BP to the present, and the steppe areas shrank, the coniferous and broadleaved mixed forest areas continued to expand.

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Acknowledgements

This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41861020, 42001076, and U20A2048), Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province (No. 2018GXNSFAA281264), Guangxi Science and Technology Plan Project (Nos. AD19245018 and AD20159025), Open Research Fund Program of Guangxi Key Lab of Mangrove Conservation and Utilization (No. GKLMC-201902), Open Foundation of Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences, MNR (No. KLSG-2006), Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf, Ministry of Education (Nos. NNNU-KLOP-X1919 and NNNU-KLOP-X2101), and Scientific Research Staring Foundation of Nanning Normal University (No. 0819-2019L39).

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  1. Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resource Use in Beibu Gulf (Nanning Normal University), Ministry of Education, 175 Mingxiu East Road, Nanning, 530001, China

    Xiudong Hao, Lixue Li, Xuhong Ouyang & Linjuan Qin

  2. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Intelligent Simulation, Nanning, 530001, China

    Xiudong Hao, Lixue Li, Xuhong Ouyang & Linjuan Qin

  3. Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Guangxi Mangrove Research Center, Guangxi Key Lab of Mangrove Conservation and Utilization, Beihai, 536000, China

    Xiudong Hao

  4. Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences, State Oceanic Administration and Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, 310012, China

    Xiudong Hao

  5. Tianjin Centre, China Geological Survey, Key Laboratory of Muddy Coastal Geo-Environment, Tianjin, 300170, China

    Xingyu Jiang, Jianfen Li & Fu Wang

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Hao, X., Li, L., Ouyang, X. et al. Holocene vegetation evolution, hydrologic variability and sea-level fluctuations on the south coastal plain of Laizhou Bay, Bohai Sea, China: new evidence from pollen, freshwater algae and dinoflagellate cysts. J Paleolimnol 68, 155–167 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10933-021-00229-2

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