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Synthesis and Characterization of PEGylated Poly(Glycerol Azelaic Acid) and Their Nanocomposites for Application in Tissue Engineering

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Abstract

In this study, new types of bio-copolymers based on Poly(glycerol azelaic acid) (PGAZ) and Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) (Mn=400, 1000, and 2000 gmol−1) were synthesized by melt polycondensation technique. Also, the solution casting method prepared their nanocomposites with 5 wt% of bioactive glass nanoparticles (BG). 1H-NMR and FTIR analysis confirmed that the pre-polymer resins were well synthesized. Crystalline plan (002) of PGAZ-co-PEG1000 and PGAZ-co-PEG2000 are increased compared to other samples. The SEM images of the surface of the samples showed that the increase in the molecular weight of PEG has made the surface morphology rougher, and the presence of nanoparticles causes a layered morphology. Also, the increase in molecular weight in PEG has caused better dispersion of nanoparticles. Among all the samples, the mechanical properties of PGAZ-co-PEG2000/BG were higher than others. The glass transition temperature (Tg) for the PGAZ sample is around 42.16 oC, and by copolymerizing this material with PEG, the Tg values have moved to lower temperatures. The degradation behaviour of PGAZ-co-PEG1000 and its nanocomposites was faster in fetal bovine serum (FBS) moiety. The dynamic contact angle showed that sample PGAZ-co-PEG400 showed the best hydrophilic conditions, and on the other hand, the PGAZ/BG sample behaved better among the nanocomposite samples. The behaviour of cytotoxicity after 72 h showed that the samples PGAZ-co-PEG400/BG and PGAZ-co-PEG2000/BG had better cell maintenance and proliferation. Cell adhesion is more on the surface of nanocomposite samples, and the acridine orange technique also showed that after 16 days, there are cells with very high density on the surface of bio-copolymer nanocomposite samples.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Ali Mohammadi, Mohammad Reza Khodabakhshi & Gholamreza Farnoosh

  2. Student Research Committee, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Ali Mohammadi

  3. Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Ali Salimi

  4. Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Vahabodin Goodarzi

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  1. Ali Mohammadi
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  2. Ali Salimi
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  4. Mohammad Reza Khodabakhshi
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Contributions

AM: Investigation, visualization, resources, Writing original draft. AS: Conceptualization, supervision, project administration, review &; editing. VG: Conceptualization, project administration, supervision, review &; editing. MK: Supervision, review &; editing. MF: Supervision, review &; editing.

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Correspondence to Ali Salimi or Vahabodin Goodarzi.

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Mohammadi, A., Salimi, A., Goodarzi, V. et al. Synthesis and Characterization of PEGylated Poly(Glycerol Azelaic Acid) and Their Nanocomposites for Application in Tissue Engineering. J Polym Environ (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-024-03194-9

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