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Eco-Friendly Dye Adsorbent from Poly(vinyl amine) Grafted Onto Bacterial Cellulose Sheet by Using Gamma Radiation-Induced Simultaneous Grafting and Base Hydrolysis

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Abstract

N-vinylformamide (NVF) was successfully grafted onto a bacterial cellulose (BC) sheet through gamma radiation-induced simultaneous grafting. The optimum conditions for grafting were an irradiation dose of 15 kGy and an NVF concentration of 30%vol. The resulting product, poly(vinyl formamide)-grafted-bacterial cellulose sheet (PNVF-g-BC) was hydrolyzed using a basic medium to obtain poly(vinyl amine)-grafted-BC (PVAm-g-BC) as an eco-friendly dye adsorbent. The maximum degrees of NVF grafting and hydrolysis were 98.89 ± 3.95% and 88 ± 0.55%, respectively. Chemical, binding energy, crystalline, thermal, and morphological characterizations of the starting materials, as well as PNVF-g-BC and PVAm-g-BC adsorbents, were conducted. Batch tests were performed to investigate the efficiency of methylene blue (MB) adsorption and the adsorption capacity of the PVAm-g-BC adsorbent. The effects of initial MB concentration, time, and pH on the adsorption were studied. The maximum adsorption capacity of the adsorbent was 7.78 ± 0.41 mg/g at an MB concentration of 10 mg/L, pH 13, and a reaction time of 8 h. The adsorption behavior of MB onto the adsorbent was found to fit the Langmuir isotherm model, indicating monolayer adsorption. The adsorption/desorption study demonstrated that the adsorbents could be reused for 6 cycles with effective performance for MB adsorption (> 50%). This eco-friendly dye adsorbent exhibits outstanding properties as a potential candidate for dye adsorption.

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Acknowledgements

Our work was financially supported by the Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research, and Innovation (MHESI), Thailand, through the program for Capacity-Building and Strategic Cooperation on Bilateral and Multilateral Basis Development (Thawiphaki-Pahuphaki 2566), as well as the Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (TINT), Thailand, via the TINT to University program (2566). The authors would like to acknowledge the support from the Thammasat University Research Unit in Textile and Polymer Chemistry. The authors also greatly appreciate the funding from the Hub of Talent: Sustainable Materials for Circular Economy, National Research Council of Thailand (NRCT).

Funding

Capacity-Building and Strategic Cooperation on Bilateral and Multilateral Basis Development (Thawiphaki-Pahuphaki 2566), Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (TINT), Thailand, via a program TINT to University (2566).

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Author notes

  1. Thitirat Rattanawongwiboon, Nopparat Khongbunya and Krittiya Namvijit have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology, Ongkharak, Nakorn Nayok, 26120, Thailand

    Thitirat Rattanawongwiboon, Pattra Lertsarawut, Sakchai Laksee & Kasinee Hemvichian

  2. Department of Materials and Textile Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand

    Nopparat Khongbunya, Krittiya Namvijit & Sarute Ummartyotin

  3. Chemistry Research Section, Department of Science and Technology, Philippine Nuclear Research Institute, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines

    Jordan F. Madrid

  4. Center of Excellence on Petrochemical and Materials Technology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand

    Sarute Ummartyotin

Authors
  1. Thitirat Rattanawongwiboon
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  2. Nopparat Khongbunya
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Contributions

TR: Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing, Visualization, Supervision. NK: Conceptualization, Methodology, Formal analysis, Investigation. KN: Conceptualization, Methodology, Formal analysis, Investigation. PL: Methodology, Investigation, Resources. SL: Methodology, Investigation, Resources. KH: Formal analysis, Visualization JFM: Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Visualization SU: Conceptualization, Writing – original draft, Visualization, Supervision.

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Correspondence to Thitirat Rattanawongwiboon or Sarute Ummartyotin.

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Rattanawongwiboon, T., Khongbunya, N., Namvijit, K. et al. Eco-Friendly Dye Adsorbent from Poly(vinyl amine) Grafted Onto Bacterial Cellulose Sheet by Using Gamma Radiation-Induced Simultaneous Grafting and Base Hydrolysis. J Polym Environ (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-023-03140-1

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