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High-Solid Loading Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Waste Office Paper for poly-3-hydroxybutyrate Production Through Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation

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Abstract

Waste paper holds great potential as a substrate for the microbial production of bioplastic (Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB)). This study aimed to produce PHB by utilizing office paper as a substrate using Cupriavidus necator through batch and fed-batch simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) approach. For the batch experiment, different loadings of shredded office paper (3, 5 and 10%) with two different pretreatments H2O2 (OPH) and H2O2 and Triton X-100 (OPTH) were carried out. For the fed-batch experiment, paper loading started with 3% and two more additions were made at 36 and 84 h. Both experiments were conducted at 30 °C, 200 rpm and pH 7 using 55.5 FPU/g of cellulase and 37.5 CBU/g of β-glucosidase with a fixed amount of nitrogen source. High PHB yield was observed with OPH in all loadings, though the OPHT showed a better hydrolysis. Maximum PHB yield (4.27 g/L) was achieved with 10% OP on the sixth day of fermentation in batch SSF. Whereas, maximum PHB yield (4.19 g/L) was obtained within a shorter time (66 h)with OPH in the fed-batch experiment. The extracted PHB showed well-matched characteristic features to the standard PHB. Finally, this study proves the feasibility of employing the SSF process for PHB production using waste paper as an alternative approach to overcome the shortcoming of the separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) process.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the help extended by Dr. Jamal Al-Sabahi, CAMS, SQU, for the HPLC analysis, Nanotechnology chair, SQU, for FTIR/TGA analysis, Department of Physics, SQU for SEM and CAARU, SQU for GC-FID, XRD and NMR analysis.

Funding

The authors gratefully acknowledge the Research Council (TRC), Oman, for the financial support (ORG/EBR/14/003).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 36, PC 123, Muscat, Oman

    Huda Al-Battashi & Nallusamy Sivakumar

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  1. Huda Al-Battashi
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  2. Nallusamy Sivakumar
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Contributions

Huda Al Battashi: designed the experiment, carried out the experimental work and prepared the original draft of the MS. Nallusamy Sivakumar: conceptualization of the work, analyzed the data, supervised the research and finalized the MS.

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Correspondence to Nallusamy Sivakumar.

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Al-Battashi, H., Sivakumar, N. High-Solid Loading Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Waste Office Paper for poly-3-hydroxybutyrate Production Through Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation. J Polym Environ 30, 3045–3054 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-022-02392-7

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