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Epoxidised Natural Rubber Filled Spent Coffee Ground Green Biocomposites

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Abstract

This study investigates the influence of spent coffee (SC), and potassium hydroxide (KOH) modified spent coffee (ACT-SC) as fillers on the mechanical and thermal properties of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) biocomposites. The results show the tensile strength, 100% modulus, elongation at break of the ACT-SC rubber biocomposites were enhanced, which was further confirmed by changes in the diffraction pattern for filler filled composite. The SEM micrograph indicates the biocomposite was substantially more homogenous with modified spent coffee. However, FTIR analysis revealed no significant differences between the modified and unmodified samples. In addition, the thermal analysis results show the thermal stability of ENR-ACT-SC is higher than that of ENR-SC but lower than that of ENR.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Universiti Sains Malaysia under Research University Incentive (RUI) [Grant Number 1001/PJJAUH/ 8011055].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Distance Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Penang, Malaysia

    Gunasunderi Raju

  2. Graphene & Advanced 2D Materials Research Group (GAMRG), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia

    Gunasunderi Raju & Mohammad Khalid Siddiqui

  3. Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

    Mohammad Khalid Siddiqui

  4. School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia

    Noor Hana Hanif Abu Bakar

  5. School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Malaysia

    Hazizan Md Akil

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  1. Gunasunderi Raju
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  2. Mohammad Khalid Siddiqui
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  3. Noor Hana Hanif Abu Bakar
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  4. Hazizan Md Akil
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Contributions

Conceptualization, GR; investigation, methodology, experiment test and manuscript writing, GR; Writing—review and editing: MK, NHHAB, HBMA.

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Correspondence to Gunasunderi Raju.

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The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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Raju, G., Siddiqui, M.K., Abu Bakar, N.H.H. et al. Epoxidised Natural Rubber Filled Spent Coffee Ground Green Biocomposites. J Polym Environ 30, 1415–1422 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-021-02280-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-021-02280-6

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