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Effect of Casting Process Conditions on Mechanical Properties and Water Solubility of Films Made from Wolf Fruit and Its Optimization

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Abstract

Biodegradable films based on wolf fruit flour were prepared by the casting process using glycerol as a plasticizing agent. The influence that the process conditions glycerol concentration (Cg), process temperature (Tp), and drying temperature (Td) have on the mechanical properties and water solubility of biodegradable films were analyzed using a central composite design (DCCR) 23, totaling 17 trials. The results were statistically analyzed by response surface method and desirability function and the optimal process conditions of the films determined. The results revealed that process variables significantly influenced (p < 0.10) the mechanical properties (tensile strength, elongation at break, and Young's modulus) and water solubility of the films, except for the process temperature for Young's modulus. The desirability function showed that the optimum process conditions to produce wolf fruit flour-based films are Cg = 17.1 g/100 g of flour, Tp = 85 °C, and Td = 53 °C, thus proving to be an effective tool for this type of study. The films produced under these conditions had 17.7 MPa of tensile strength, 12.3% of elongation at break, 612.4 MPa of Young's modulus, and 33.2% of water solubility.

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Funding

The authors thank Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais, Brazil (FAPEMIG) [Grant Number: APQ-00768-16], Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Brazil (CAPES) [Grant Number 001] and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Brazil (CNPq) [Grant Number 800237/2016-1] for the financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Green Materials, Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, MG, CEP 39100-000, Brazil

    Ludmilla Batista Louzada, Amanda Tibães Lopes & Franciele Maria Pelissari

  2. Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, MG, CEP 39100-000, Brazil

    Gustavo Molina

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  1. Ludmilla Batista Louzada
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  2. Amanda Tibães Lopes
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  4. Franciele Maria Pelissari
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Contributions

LBL collected test data and drafted the manuscript. ATL collected test data. GM revised the work critically for important intellectual content. FMP designed the study and revised the work critically for important intellectual content.

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Correspondence to Franciele Maria Pelissari.

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Louzada, L.B., Lopes, A.T., Molina, G. et al. Effect of Casting Process Conditions on Mechanical Properties and Water Solubility of Films Made from Wolf Fruit and Its Optimization. J Polym Environ 29, 2435–2446 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-021-02047-z

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