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TEMPO-Mediated Oxidation of Norway Spruce and Eucalyptus Pulps: Preparation and Characterization of Nanofibers and Nanofiber Dispersions

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Abstract

This study deals with 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation of cellulose. Softwood and hardwood pulp fibers were suspended in water and oxidized to various extents at pH 10 and 22 °C using sodium hypochlorite in the presence of TEMPO radical and sodium bromide. This reaction system is known to be the most efficient one for the introduction of both surface carboxyl and aldehyde groups. Important relationships between formation of these functional groups and the fibrillation yield, light transmittance of the water dispersions and degree of polymerization of the oxidized softwood and hardwood pulps were established in the present study. A birefringence test confirmed the presence of nanofibers which according to atomic force microscopy analyses had diameters in the 1.6–3.8 nm range.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank all the members of Prof. Isogai’s laboratory (The University of Tokyo) for valuable assistance during the experimental work, Prof. Torbjørn Helle for linguistic help and the project partners in the SustainBarrier project at PFI for the financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway

    Galina Rodionova & Øyvind Gregersen

  2. Paper and Fibre Research Institute, 7491, Trondheim, Norway

    Marianne Lenes & Øyvind Eriksen

  3. Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan

    Tsuguyuki Saito, Ryota Kuramae & Akira Isogai

Authors
  1. Galina Rodionova
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  2. Tsuguyuki Saito
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  3. Marianne Lenes
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  4. Øyvind Eriksen
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  5. Øyvind Gregersen
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  6. Ryota Kuramae
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  7. Akira Isogai
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Galina Rodionova.

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Rodionova, G., Saito, T., Lenes, M. et al. TEMPO-Mediated Oxidation of Norway Spruce and Eucalyptus Pulps: Preparation and Characterization of Nanofibers and Nanofiber Dispersions. J Polym Environ 21, 207–214 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-012-0483-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-012-0483-9

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