Microorganisms produce toxins against its competitors sometimes, and variable yields are useful to explain the observed oscillatory behavior in the reactor. In this paper, a model with general quadric yields of competition in the bioreactor of two competitors for a single nutrient where one of the competitors can produce toxin against its opponent, is proposed. We analyze the asymptotic behavior of the model in terms of the relevant parameters. The conditions of the three dimensional Hopf bifurcation, and the existence of limit cycles in the nutrient-organism phase plane are obtained.
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Huang, X., Wang, Y. & Zhu, L. Competition in the bioreactor with general quadratic yields when one competitor produces a toxin. J Math Chem 39, 281–294 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10910-005-9040-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10910-005-9040-2