Abstract
We proposed a new scheme of multi-channel quantum router for single plasmons (SPs) with the hybrid system consisted of three quantum dots (QDs) placed at different junctions at which an infinite plasmonic waveguide (PW) is junctioned with the other three semi-infinite PWs. We theoretically investigated the routing characteristic of the proposed hybrid system consisting of three QDs and PWs for the incident single plasmons via the real-space Hamiltonian model. Our results show that the incident SPs could be routed by adjusting the parameters, such as the coupling strengths between the QDs and the PWs, the spacing between the QDs, and the incident frequency of SPs in the proposed hybrid system. We also showed that the semi-infinite channels in the proposed system exhibit the frequency selectivities, which implies the proposed system could be utilized as the wavelength division multiplexing (WDM)-like quantum router for SPs. Based on the routing properties in the proposed system, it is a feasible scheme to realize a WDM-like quantum router and it could be useful for designing the quantum devices and quantum information processing.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data Availability
All data and material considered in this paper are transparent.
Code Availability
The authors have used Mathematica10.0 as software applications.
References
J. Preskill, Quantum computing in the NISQ era and beyond. Quantum 2, 79 (2018)
E. Rieffel, W. Polak, Quantum Computing: A Gentle Introduction (MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 2011)
J.T. Shen, S. Fan, Theory of single-photon transport in a single-mode waveguide. I. Coupling to a cavity containing a two-level atom. Phys. Rev. A (2009). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.79.023837
N.-C. Kim, J.-B. Li, Z.-J. Yang, Z.-H. Hao, Q.-Q. Wang, Switching of a single propagating plasmon by two quantum dots system. Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 061110 (2010)
N.-C. Kim, Ko M-C, Wang Q-Q, Single plasmon switching with n quantum dots system coupled to one-dimensional waveguide. Plasmonics (Springer) 10(3), 611–615 (2015)
I. Shomroni, S. Rosenblum, Y. Lovsky, O. Brechler, G. Guendelman, B. Dayan, All-optical routing of single photons by a one-atom switch controlled by a single photon. Science 345(6199), 903–906 (2014)
D.E. Chang, A.S. Sorensen, E.A. Demler, M.D. Lukin, A single-photon transistor using nano-scale surface plasmons. Nat. Phys. 3, 807–812 (2007)
H.J. Kimble, The quantum internet. Nature (London) 453, 1023–1030 (2008)
M.T. Cheng, Y.Y. Song, Fano resonance analysis in a pair of semiconductor quantum dots coupling to a metal nanowire. Opt. Lett. 37, 978–980 (2012)
N.-C. Kim, M.C. Ko, S.I. Choe, Z.H. Hao, L. Zhou, J.B. Li, S.J. Im, Y.H. Ko, C.G. Jo, Q.Q. Wang, Transport properties of a single plasmon interacting with a hybrid exciton of a metal nanoparticlesemiconductor quantum dot system coupled to a plasmonic waveguide. Nanotechnology 27, 465703 (2016)
M. Ahumada, P.A. Orellana, F. Domínguez-Adame, A.V. Malyshev, Tunable single-photon quantum router. Phys. Rev. A 99, 033827 (2019)
T. Aoki, A.S. Parkins, D.J. Alton, C.A. Regal, B. Dayan, E. Ostby, K.J. Vahala, H.J. Kimble, Efficient routing of single photons with one atom and a microtoroidal cavity. Phys. Rev. Lett. 102(8), 083601 (2009)
L. Zhou, L.P. Yang, Y. Li, C.P. Sun, Quantum routing of single photons with a cyclic three-level system. Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 103604 (2013)
C. Gonzalez-Ballestero, E. Moreno, F.J. Garcia-Vidal, A. Gonzalez-Tudela, Nonreciprocal fewphoton routing schemes based on chiral waveguide–emitter couplings. Phys. Rev. A 94(6), 063817 (2016)
M.T. Cheng, X.S. Ma, J.Y. Zhang, B. Wang, Single photon transport in two waveguides chirally coupled by a quantum emitter. Opt. Express 24(17), 19988–19993 (2016)
J.-S. Huang, J.-W. Wang, Y. Wang, Y.-L. Li, Y.-W. Huang, Control of single-photon routing in a T-shaped waveguide by another atom. Quantum Inf. Process. 17, 78 (2018)
S.G. Kim, N.C. Kim, M.C. Ko, J.S. Ryom, Il.-H. Choe, SIl. Choe, YJin Kim, Quantum routing for single plasmons modulated by the dipole-dipole interaction in a π-shaped channel. J. Low Temper. Phys. (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-022-02698-9
J. Lu, Z.H. Wang, L. Zhou, T-shaped single-photon router. Opt. Express 23(18), 22955 (2015)
J. Lu, L. Zhou, L.M. Kuang, F. Nori, Single-photon router: coherent control of multichannel scattering for single photons with quantum interferences. Phys. Rev. A 89, 013805 (2014)
Y.X. Shi, H.Y. Wang, J.L. Ma, Q. Li, L. Tan, Coherent control of the single-photon multichannel scattering in the dissipation case. Eur. Phys. J. D 72, 46 (2018)
X.-X. Bao, G.-F. Guo, L. Tan, Quantum router modulated by the dipole-dipole interaction in a X-shaped coupled cavity array. Eur. Phys. J. D 73, 133 (2019)
G.A. Yan, Q.Y. Cai, A.X. Chen, Information-holding quantum router of single photons using natural atom. Eur. Phys. J. D 70, 93 (2016)
J.-S. Huang, J.-W. Wang, Y.-L. Li, Y. Wang, Y.-W. Huang, Tunable quantum routing via asymmetric intercavity couplings. Quantum Inform. Process. 18, 59 (2019)
X. Yang, J.-J. Hou, C. Wu, Single-photon routing for a L-shaped channel. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 57, 602–608 (2018)
X.M. Li, L.F. Wei, Designable single-photon quantum routing with atomic mirrors. Phys. Rev. A 92, 063836 (2015)
X.-M. Li, L.F. Wei, Ideal photonic absorption, emission, and routings in chiral waveguides. Opt. Commun. 425, 13–18 (2018)
M.-C. Ko, N.-C. Kim, H. Choe, A single plasmon router based on the V-type three-level quantum dot sandwiched between two plasmonic waveguides. Phys. Scr. 94, 125605 (2019)
M.-C. Ko, N.-C. Kim, H. Choe, S.-R. Ri, J.-S. Ryom, C.-W. Ri, U.-H. Kim, Feasible surface plasmon routing based on the self-assembled InGaAs/GaAs semiconductor quantum dot located between two silver metallic waveguides. Plasmonics (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-019-01022-8
N.C. Kim, M.C. Ko, J.S. Ryom, H. Choe, I.H. Choe, S.R. Ri, S.G. Kim, Single plasmon router with two quantum dots side coupled to two plasmonic waveguides with a junction. Quant. Inform. Process. 20, 5 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11128-020-02884-2
H. Siampour, S. Kumar, S.I. Bozhevolnyi, Nanofabrication of plasmonic circuits containing single photon sources. ACS Photonics 4(8), 1879–1884 (2017)
S. Kumar, N.I. Kristiansen, A. Huck, U.L. Andersen, generation and controlled routing of single plasmons on a chip. Nano Lett. 14, 663–669 (2014)
I.-C. Hoi et al., Demonstration of a Single-Photon Router in the Microwave Regime. Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 073601 (2011)
R. Halir, P. Cheben, J.M. Luque-Gonzalez et al., Ultra-broadband nanophotonic beamsplitter using an anisotropic sub-wavelength metamaterial. Laser Photonics Rev. 10(6), 1039–1046 (2016)
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Program on Key Project for Frontier Research on Quantum Information and Quantum Optics of Democratic People’s Republic of Korea.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
Nam-Chol Kim supervised the project. He conceived the idea and performed theoretical calculations. Son-Gyong Kim performed theoretical and numerical calculations. She also analyzed the results obtained. Myong-Chol Ko and Ju-Song Ryom checked the correctness of the calculations and contributed to preparation of the manuscript. Su-Ryon Ri, Chol-Min Kim and Song-Il Choe contributed to preparation of the manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no competing interests.
Consent to Participate
All authors gave consent to participate.
Consent to Publish
All authors gave consent to participate.
Ethical Approval
The submitted work is original and has not been published elsewhere in any form or language (partially or in full).
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Kim, SG., Kim, NC., Ko, MC. et al. Wavelength Division Multiplexing-Like Quantum Routing for Single Plasmons in the Quantum Dots–Waveguides Hybrid System. J Low Temp Phys 209, 54–67 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-022-02812-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-022-02812-x