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New Kind of Condensation of Bose Particles Through Stimulated Processes

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Abstract

We show that stimulated scattering of an isolated system of N Bose particles with initially broad energy distribution can yield condensation of particles into excited collective state in which most of the bosons occupy one or several modes. During condensation, the total particle number and energy are conserved, while the entropy of the system grows. Onset of condensation occurs at a critical particle occupation number when spectrum narrowing due to stimulated processes overcomes spectrum broadening due to diffusion. This differs from Bose–Einstein condensation in which particles undergo condensation into the equilibrium state due to thermalization processes.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (Grant No. FA9550-20-1-0366 DEF), the Office of Naval Research (Grants No. N00014-20-1-2184), the Robert A. Welch Foundation (Grant No. A-1261), the National Science Foundation (Grant No. PHY-2013771), the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian (Grant No. 2021I0025), the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (Grant No. 19ZR1475700), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities. L.Y. acknowledges support from the Program for Professor of Special Appointment (Eastern Scholar) at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA

    Anatoly A. Svidzinsky & Marlan O. Scully

  2. Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, 361024, China

    Anatoly A. Svidzinsky

  3. Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China

    Luqi Yuan

  4. Baylor University, Waco, TX, 76798, USA

    Marlan O. Scully

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  1. Anatoly A. Svidzinsky
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  2. Luqi Yuan
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  3. Marlan O. Scully
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Correspondence to Anatoly A. Svidzinsky.

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Svidzinsky, A.A., Yuan, L. & Scully, M.O. New Kind of Condensation of Bose Particles Through Stimulated Processes. J Low Temp Phys 208, 184–195 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-021-02665-w

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