Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Quantum Efficiency Study and Reflectivity Enhancement of Au/Bi Absorbers

  • Published:
Journal of Low Temperature Physics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

X-ray absorbers of the X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU) microcalorimeters are required to provide high quantum efficiency (QE) for incident X-rays and high reflectivity to longer wavelength radiation. The thickness of the electroplated Au and Bi layers of the absorber is tuned to provide the desired pixel heat capacity and the QE. To calculate the QE precisely, in addition to filling factor, we have included the effects of surface roughness, edge profile of the absorbers and the effects of the different angles of incidence of the incoming X-rays from the X-IFU optic. Based on this analysis, it is found that thickness of the Bi layer needs to be adjusted by 4.3% to achieve the X-IFU QE requirements. To enhance the absorber’s rejection of low-energy radiation, a second thin layer of Au is sputter-deposited on top of the Bi layer. Optical measurements in the wavelength range 0.3–20 μm show a significant increase in reflectivity compared to a bare Bi layer.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. D. Barret et al., Proc. SPIE 9905, 9905–9983 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2312409

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. A.-D. Brown et al., J. Low Temp. Phys. 151, 413 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-007-9669-2

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. A.R. Rajamani et al., J. Phys. Chem. C 120(39), 22398 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b06924

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Presented at ASC 2018 by E. J. Wassell

  5. M. Barbera et al., Proc. SPIE 9144, 91445U (2014). https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2057403

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. https://henke.lbl.gov/optical_constants/atten2.html

  7. M.E. Eckart et al., AIP Conf. Proc. 1185, 430 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3292370

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. S.J. Smith et al., Proc. SPIE 9905, 9905–9985 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2231749

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. L.M. Gades et al., IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 27(4), 1–5 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2017.2662007

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. M.J. Collon et al., Proc. SPIE 9144, 91442G (2014). https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2057347

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. D. Rakić et al., Appl. Opt. 37, 5271 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.37.005271

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. M.E. Eckart et al., IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 29(5), 1–5 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2019.2903420

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank NASA’s Astrophysics Division for their generous support of this work. Part of this work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 20771, USA

    R. Hummatov, J. S. Adams, S. R. Bandler, A. Barlis, S. Beaumont, M. P. Chang, J. A. Chervenak, A. M. Datesman, F. M. Finkbeiner, J. Y. Ha, R. L. Kelley, C. A. Kilbourne, A. R. Miniussi, F. S. Porter, J. E. Sadleir, K. Sakai, S. J. Smith, N. Wakeham, E. J. Wassell & E. J. Wollack

  2. CRESSST II - University of Maryland, Baltimore County, MD, 21250, USA

    R. Hummatov, J. S. Adams, S. Beaumont, A. R. Miniussi, K. Sakai, S. J. Smith & N. Wakeham

  3. Science Systems and Applications, Inc. (SSAI), 10210 Greenbelt Rd, Lanham, MD, 20706, USA

    M. P. Chang, A. M. Datesman & E. J. Wassell

  4. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA

    M. E. Eckart

  5. Sigma Space Corp., 4600 Forbes Blvd., Lanham, MD, 20706, USA

    F. M. Finkbeiner

  6. SB Microsystems, 806 Cromwell Park Dr, Glen Burnie, MD, 21061, USA

    J. Y. Ha

Authors
  1. R. Hummatov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. J. S. Adams
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. S. R. Bandler
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. A. Barlis
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. S. Beaumont
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. M. P. Chang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. J. A. Chervenak
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. A. M. Datesman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. M. E. Eckart
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. F. M. Finkbeiner
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  11. J. Y. Ha
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  12. R. L. Kelley
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  13. C. A. Kilbourne
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  14. A. R. Miniussi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  15. F. S. Porter
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  16. J. E. Sadleir
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  17. K. Sakai
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  18. S. J. Smith
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  19. N. Wakeham
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  20. E. J. Wassell
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  21. E. J. Wollack
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to R. Hummatov.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Hummatov, R., Adams, J.S., Bandler, S.R. et al. Quantum Efficiency Study and Reflectivity Enhancement of Au/Bi Absorbers. J Low Temp Phys 199, 393–400 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-020-02424-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-020-02424-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation