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DESHIMA on ASTE: On-Sky Responsivity Calibration of the Integrated Superconducting Spectrometer

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Abstract

We are developing an ultra-wideband spectroscopic instrument, DESHIMA (DEep Spectroscopic HIgh-redshift MApper), based on the technologies of an on-chip filter bank and microwave kinetic inductance detector (MKID) to investigate dusty starburst galaxies in the distant universe at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths. An on-site experiment of DESHIMA was performed using the ASTE 10-m telescope. We established a responsivity model that converts frequency responses of the MKIDs to line-of-sight brightness temperature. We estimated two parameters of the responsivity model using a set of skydip data taken under various precipitable water vapor (PWV 0.4–3.0 mm) conditions for each MKID. The line-of-sight brightness temperature of sky is estimated using an atmospheric transmission model and the PWVs. As a result, we obtain an average temperature calibration uncertainty of \(1\sigma =4\)%, which is smaller than other photometric biases. In addition, the average forward efficiency of 0.88 in our responsivity model is consistent with the value expected from the geometrical support structure of the telescope. We also estimate line-of-sight PWVs of each skydip observation using the frequency response of MKIDs and confirm the consistency with PWVs reported by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research NWO (Vidi Grant No. 639.042.423, NWO Medium Investment Grant No. 614.061.611 DESHIMA), the European Research Council ERC (ERC-CoG-2014—Proposal n\(^\circ\) 648135 MOSAIC), the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science JSPS (KAKENHI Grant Numbers JP25247019, JP17H06130 and JP19K14754) and the Grant for Joint Research Program of the Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University. Y.T. and T.J.L.C.B. are supported by NAOJ ALMA Scientific Research Grant Number 2018-09B. P.J.d.V. is supported by the NWO (Veni Grant 639.041.750). T.M.K. is supported by the ERC Advanced Grant No. 339306 (METIQUM) and the Russian Science Foundation (Grant No. 17-72-30036). N.L. is supported by ERC (Starting Grant No. 639749). J.S. and M.N. are supported by the JSPS Program for Advancing Strategic International Networks to Accelerate the Circulation of Talented Researchers (Program No. R2804). T.J.L.C.B was supported by the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013, FP7/2007–2011) under Grant Agreement No. 607254. Data analysis was, in part, carried out on the open-use data analysis computer system at the Astronomy Data Center of NAOJ. The ASTE telescope is operated by the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-0015, Japan

    Tatsuya Takekoshi, Tsuyoshi Ishida, Kotaro Kohno & Yuki Yoshimura

  2. Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Cho-fu, Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan

    Tatsuya Takekoshi

  3. SRON—Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Sorbonnelaan 2, 3584 CA, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    Kenichi Karatsu, Jochem J. A. Baselmans, Juan Bueno, Robert Huiting, Vignesh Murugesan, Alejandro Pascual Laguna & Pieter J. de Visser

  4. Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 4, 2628 CD, Delft, The Netherlands

    Kenichi Karatsu, Jochem J. A. Baselmans, Sjoerd Bosma, Soh Ikarashi, Nuria Llombart, Alejandro Pascual Laguna, David J. Thoen, Ozan Yurduseven & Akira Endo

  5. Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan

    Junya Suzuki

  6. High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan

    Junya Suzuki

  7. Division of Particle and Astrophysical Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Aichi, 464-8602, Japan

    Yoichi Tamura, Akio Taniguchi, Tom J. L. C. Bakx, Koyo Suzuki & Tetsutaro Ueda

  8. National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8588, Japan

    Tai Oshima, Shin’ichiro Asayama, Tom J. L. C. Bakx, Kah Wuy Chin, Yasunori Fujii, Shun Ishii, Ryohei Kawabe, Jun Maekawa, Kazushige Ohtawara & Takashi Tsukagoshi

  9. The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-0015, Japan

    Tai Oshima & Ryohei Kawabe

  10. School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, The Parade, Cardiff, CF24 3AA, UK

    Tom J. L. C. Bakx

  11. Department of Astronomy, School of Science, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan

    Kah Wuy Chin & Ryohei Kawabe

  12. Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0819, Japan

    Kazuyuki Fujita & Akira Kouchi

  13. Joint ALMA Observatory, Alonso de Córdova 3107, Vitacura, Santiago, Chile

    Shun Ishii

  14. Kavli Institute of NanoScience, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ, Delft, The Netherlands

    Teun M. Klapwijk, David J. Thoen & Akira Endo

  15. Physics Department, Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia, 119991

    Teun M. Klapwijk

  16. Research Center for the Early Universe, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan

    Kotaro Kohno

  17. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Sagamihara, 252-5210, Japan

    Shunichi Nakatsubo

  18. Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255, Shimo-okubo, Sakura, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan

    Masato Naruse

  19. Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, PO Box 9513, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands

    Paul P. van der Werf

  20. SRON, Landleven 12, 9747 AD, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Stephen J. C. Yates

Authors
  1. Tatsuya Takekoshi
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  2. Kenichi Karatsu
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  3. Junya Suzuki
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  4. Yoichi Tamura
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  5. Tai Oshima
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  7. Shin’ichiro Asayama
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  8. Tom J. L. C. Bakx
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  9. Jochem J. A. Baselmans
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  10. Sjoerd Bosma
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  19. Ryohei Kawabe
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  28. Kazushige Ohtawara
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  30. Koyo Suzuki
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  34. Pieter J. de Visser
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  35. Paul P. van der Werf
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  37. Yuki Yoshimura
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  38. Ozan Yurduseven
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  39. Akira Endo
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Correspondence to Tatsuya Takekoshi.

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Takekoshi, T., Karatsu, K., Suzuki, J. et al. DESHIMA on ASTE: On-Sky Responsivity Calibration of the Integrated Superconducting Spectrometer. J Low Temp Phys 199, 231–239 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-020-02338-0

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