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Fabrication of Detector Arrays for the SPT-3G Receiver

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Abstract

The South Pole Telescope third-generation (SPT-3G) receiver was installed during the austral summer of 2016–2017. It is designed to measure the cosmic microwave background across three frequency bands centered at 95, 150, and 220 GHz. The SPT-3G receiver has ten focal plane modules, each with 269 pixels. Each pixel features a broadband sinuous antenna coupled to a niobium microstrip transmission line. In-line filters define the desired band-passes before the signal is coupled to six bolometers with Ti/Au/Ti/Au transition edge sensors (three bands \(\times \) two polarizations). In total, the SPT-3G receiver is composed of  16,000 detectors, which are read out using a 68\(\times \) frequency-domain multiplexing scheme. In this paper, we present the process employed in fabricating the detector arrays.

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Acknowledgements

The South Pole Telescope is supported by the National Science Foundation through Grant PLR-1248097. This work was also supported in part by the US Department of Energy under Contract Number DE-AC02-76SF00515. Work at Argonne National Laboratory is supported by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory (Argonne). Argonne, a US Department of Energy Office of Science Laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials, an Office of Science user facility, was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Partial support is also provided by the NSF Physics Frontier Center Grant PHY-1125897 to the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Kavli Foundation and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Grant GBMF 947. BB is supported by the Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. De-AC02-07CH11359 with the US Department of Energy. NWH acknowledges additional support from NSF CAREER Grant AST-0906135. JWH is supported by the NSF under Award No. AST-1402161. The McGill authors acknowledge funding from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, and Canada Research Chairs program.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Material Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL, 60439, USA

    C. M. Posada, J. Ding, R. N. Gannon, T. Khaire, V. Novosad & J. Pearson

  2. School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 3YB, UK

    P. A. R. Ade & C. Tucker

  3. Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA

    Z. Ahmed, K. D. Irwin, C. L. Kuo, K. T. Story, K. L. Thompson & K. W. Yoon

  4. Department of Physics, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA

    Z. Ahmed, K. D. Irwin, C. L. Kuo, K. T. Story, K. L. Thompson & K. W. Yoon

  5. SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA

    Z. Ahmed, K. D. Irwin, C. L. Kuo, K. L. Thompson & K. W. Yoon

  6. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, MS209, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL, 60510-0500, USA

    A. J. Anderson, B. A. Benson, M. Jonas, D. Kubik, H. Nguyen & A. Rahlin

  7. Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Ave., Chicago, IL, 60637, USA

    A. J. Anderson, R. Basu Thakur, A. N. Bender, B. A. Benson, J. E. Carlstrom, F. W. Carter, C. L. Chang, D. Dutcher, J. W. Henning, A. E. Lowitz, S. S. Meyer, S. Padin, Z. Pan, A. Rahlin, L. J. Saunders, E. Shirokoff, J. A. Sobrin & Q. Y. Tang

  8. National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO, 80305, USA

    J. E. Austermann, E. V. Denison, G. C. Hilton & L. R. Vale

  9. Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA

    J. S. Avva, A. Cukierman, T. de Haan, J. C. Groh, N. L. Harrington, W. L. Holzapfel, N. Huang, O. B. Jeong, A. T. Lee, I. Shirley, A. Suzuki & N. Whitehorn

  10. High-Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL, 60439, USA

    A. N. Bender, J. E. Carlstrom, F. W. Carter, T. Cecil, C. L. Chang, A. H. Harke-Hosemann, S. Kuhlmann, L. J. Saunders, G. Wang & V. Yefremenko

  11. Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Ave., Chicago, IL, 60637, USA

    B. A. Benson, J. E. Carlstrom, C. L. Chang, S. S. Meyer, D. Michalik, E. Shirokoff & Q. Y. Tang

  12. Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Ave., Chicago, IL, 60637, USA

    J. E. Carlstrom & S. S. Meyer

  13. Department of Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Ave., Chicago, IL, 60637, USA

    J. E. Carlstrom, D. Dutcher, S. S. Meyer, Z. Pan & J. A. Sobrin

  14. Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 Rue University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2T8, Canada

    J. F. Cliche, M. A. Dobbs, A. Gilbert, J. Montgomery & G. I. Noble

  15. Argonne National Laboratory, Center for Nanoscale Materials, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL, 60439, USA

    R. Divan, C. S. Miller & L. Stan

  16. CIFAR Program in Cosmology and Gravity, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 1Z8, Canada

    M. A. Dobbs

  17. CASA, Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA

    W. Everett, N. W. Halverson & J. T. Sayre

  18. Physics Department, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA

    A. Foster, M. Korman & J. E. Ruhl

  19. Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA

    N. W. Halverson

  20. Astronomy Department, University of Illinois, 1002 W. Green St., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA

    A. H. Harke-Hosemann, A. M. Kofman, A. Nadolski & J. D. Vieira

  21. Department of Physics, University of Illinois, 1110 W. Green St., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA

    A. M. Kofman & J. D. Vieira

  22. Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA

    A. T. Lee & A. Suzuki

  23. Dunlap Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto, 50 St George St, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H4, Canada

    T. Natoli & K. Vanderlinde

  24. Three-Speed Logic, Inc., Vancouver, BC, V6A 2J8, Canada

    G. Smecher

  25. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden St., Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA

    A. A. Stark

  26. Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto, 50 St George St, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H4, Canada

    K. Vanderlinde & M. R. Young

  27. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA

    N. Whitehorn

Authors
  1. C. M. Posada
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  2. P. A. R. Ade
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  3. Z. Ahmed
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Correspondence to C. M. Posada.

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Posada, C.M., Ade, P.A.R., Ahmed, Z. et al. Fabrication of Detector Arrays for the SPT-3G Receiver. J Low Temp Phys 193, 703–711 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-018-1924-1

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