Abstract
We present results of the one-body density matrix ρ 1(r) and the condensate fraction n 0 of liquid 4He calculated at zero temperature by means of the Path Integral Ground State Monte Carlo method. This technique allows to generate a highly accurate approximation for the ground state wave function Ψ 0 in a totally model-independent way, that depends only on the Hamiltonian of the system and on the symmetry properties of Ψ 0. With this unbiased estimation of ρ 1(r), we obtain precise results for the condensate fraction n 0 and the kinetic energy K of the system. The dependence of n 0 with the pressure shows an excellent agreement of our results with recent experimental measurements. Above the melting pressure, overpressurized liquid 4He shows a small condensate fraction that has dropped to 0.8% at the highest pressure of p=87 bar.
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Rota, R., Boronat, J. Condensate Fraction in Liquid 4He at Zero Temperature. J Low Temp Phys 166, 21–32 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-011-0410-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-011-0410-9