Abstract
We report the turbulent transition in superfluid 4He generated by a vibrating wire as a function of its thickness. The response of a vibrating wire with a 3 μm diameter in superfluid 4He at 1.2 K reveals a hysteresis at the turbulent transition between an up sweep and a down sweep of driving force, while no hysteresis appears for wires with a thickness larger than 4.7 μm diameter. These results indicate that the 3 μm wire is efficient for reducing the number of vortex lines attached to it. A cover box and slow cooling also prevent vortex lines from attaching to a wire, resulting in a vortex-free vibrating wire. The effective mass of the vortex-free vibrating wire is almost constant in a wide range of velocities up to 400 mm/s; however, the wire density estimated from the resonance frequency is a half of the expected value of wire material, suggesting that a wire mass becomes lighter or a wire diameter becomes larger in the superfluid effectively.
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Yano, H., Ogawa, T., Mori, A. et al. Transition to Quantum Turbulence Generated by Thin Vibrating Wires in Superfluid 4He. J Low Temp Phys 156, 132–144 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-009-9888-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-009-9888-9