We have studied thermal gradients in thin Cu and AlMn wires, both experimentally and theoretically. In the experiments, the wires were Joule heated non-uniformly at sub-Kelvin temperatures, and the resulting temperature gradients were measured using normal metal-insulator-superconducting tunnel junctions. The data clearly shows that even in reasonably well-conducting thin wires with a short (~10 μm) non-heated portion, significant temperature differences can form. In most cases, the measurements agree well with a model which includes electron–phonon interaction and electronic thermal conductivity by the Wiedemann–Franz law.
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An erratum to this article can be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10909-007-9338-5
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Karvonen, J.T., Taskinen, L.J. & Maasilta, I.J. Influence of Temperature Gradients on Tunnel Junction Thermometry below 1 K: Cooling and Electron–Phonon Coupling. J Low Temp Phys 146, 213–226 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-006-9264-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-006-9264-y