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Nanoarchitectonics of Starch Nanoparticles Rosin Catalyzed by Algerian Natural Montmorillonite (Maghnite-H+) for Enhanced Antimicrobial Activity

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Abstract

In this work, potato starch was hydrolyzed by acid (HCl) to form nanoparticles (SNPs) that were esterified with acid Rosin using a green heterogeneous catalyst based on Algerian montmorillonite clay known as “Magnhite”. It has a similar activity to the classical Brönsted (H2SO4) and Lewis (Al2O3) acids, which implies that it can replace homogeneous acid catalysts. Particular emphasis was devoted to investigate the influence of temperature, reaction time, and amount of catalyst on the degree of substitution (DS) on the reaction conditions to achieve a high DS. Fourier Transform Infrared analysis confirms the esterification of SNPs by the appearance of new bands at 1724 cm−1 assigned to ester group. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy indicate that the esterification reaction reduces the crystallinity while the morphology changes from SNPs nanoparticles to a completely destroyed form. Besides, the thermal stability of esterified SNPs has been slightly reduced compared to unmodified starch. The volumetric assay was used to evaluate the DS of the products and the effects of the rosin/glucose anhydrous acid unit in the molar ratio. It is found that DS increases with increasing the molar ratio and reaches its maximum value of 0.135 at a molar ratio of 4:1. Furthermore, antimicrobial activity study of SNPs esterified with rosin acid (DS between 0 and 0.141), revealed that the esterified SNPs were effective against all the tested bacterial strains. Moreover, the DS is directly proportional to the zone of inhibition. This research showcases the importance of the newly designed SNPs-Rosin formulation in the biomedical and food industries.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful for the substantial financial support provided by the General—Direction of Scientific Research and Technology Development (DGRSDT, MESRS, Algeria).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire Structure, Elaboration et Application des Matériaux Moléculaires (S.E.A.2M.), Department of Chemistry, Faculté de Sciences Exactes et de I’Informatique, University Abdelhamid Ibn Badis, 27000, Mostaganem, Algeria

    Mohammed Amin Bezzekhami, Mahmoud Belalia & Amine Harrane

  2. Laboratory of Beneficial Microorganisms, Functional Food and Health (LMBAFS), Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Abdelhamid Ibn Badis University, Mostaganem, Algeria

    Djahira Hamed

  3. Department of Mathematics and Science, Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Mohamed Bououdina

  4. I2E3—Institut d’Innovations en Écomatériaux, Écoproduits et Écoénergies à base de biomasse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières 3351, boul. des Forges, Trois-Rivières (Québec), G8Z 4M, Canada

    Bendhiba Badredine Berfai

  5. Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères, Department of Chemistry, Faculté de Sciences Exactes et Appliquées, University of Oran, 1 Ahmed Benbella, 31000, Oran, Algeria

    Amine Harrane

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A did the lab practice and wrote the manuscript. BEF performed and interpreted the physicochemical analyzes. C did an antibacterial activity in the lab. D corrected English and interpreted the DRX.

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Bezzekhami, M.A., Belalia, M., Hamed, D. et al. Nanoarchitectonics of Starch Nanoparticles Rosin Catalyzed by Algerian Natural Montmorillonite (Maghnite-H+) for Enhanced Antimicrobial Activity. J Inorg Organomet Polym 33, 193–206 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-022-02490-y

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