Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Determination of Nucleation Kinetics and Crystal Perfection, Optical, Piezoelectric Properties of Semi-organic NLO Single Crystal-Sodium Acid Phthalate Hemihydrate

  • Published:
Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Semi-organic nonlinear optical single crystals of sodium acid phthalate hemihydrate were grown using slow evaporation technique. Single crystal X-ray diffraction study shows grown crystal belongs to the orthorhombic system with space group B2ab. Nucleation kinetics and nucleation parameters such as critical radius, interfacial tension, and critical free energy change are evaluated using the experimental data. The solubility and the nucleation of the crystal at different temperatures have been analysed. Sodium acid phthalate hemihydrate has a positive temperature coefficient of solubility. The metastable zone width and induction period have been experimentally determined for the optimized crystal growth conditions. UV–Vis–NIR study showed the title compound has high transparency in UV–Vis–NIR region. The nonlinear optical property was measured using Kurtz Perry powder technique and SHG efficiency was 1.1 times that of KDP. The photoconductivity analysis shows that sodium acid phthalate hemihydrate has positive photoconductivity nature. The chemical etching analysis was executed to assess the quality of the crystal. The piezoelectric coefficient d33 is higher than that of several other semi-organic single crystals. The SHG efficiency of the grown crystal is higher than that of several other semi-organic crystals.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. S. Muhammad, M. Shkir, S. AlFaify, A. Irfan, A.G. AlSehemi, RSC Adv. 5, 53988–54002 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. H. Arul, D.R. Babu, R.E. Vizhi, G. Bhagavannarayana, J. Cryst. Growth 423, 22–27 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. D. Sajan, N. Vijayan, K. Safakath, R. Philip, I.H. Joe, J. Phys. Chem. A 115, 8216–8226 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. N. Goel, B. Kumar, J. Cryst. Growth 361, 44–50 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. A. Kandasamy, R. Mohan, M.L. Caroline, S. Vasudevan, Cryst. Res. Technol. 43, 186–192 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. S.K. Chandran, R. Paulraj, P. Ramasamy, Spectrochim. Acta Part A 151, 432–437 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. K. Thukral, N. Vijayan, B. Rathi, G. Bhagavannaryana, S. Verma, J. Philip, A. Krishna, M.S. Jeyalakshmy, S.K. Halder, Cryst. Eng. Comm. 16, 2802–2809 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. X. Liu, X. Wang, X. Yin, S. Liu, W. He, L. Zhu, G. Zhang, D. Xu, Cryst. Eng. Comm. 16, 930–938 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. A. Senthil, P. Ramasamy, S. Verma, J. Cryst. Growth 318, 757–761 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. M. Krishnakumar, S. Karthick, K. Thirupugalmani, S. Brahadeeswaran, Opt. Mater. 66, 79–93 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. A. Wojciechowski, I.V. Kityk, G. Lakshminarayana, I. Fuks-Janczarek, J. Berdowski, E. Berdowska, Z. Tylczyński, Phys. B 405, 2827–2830 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. N. Goel, N. Sinha, B. Kumar, Opt. Mater. 35, 479–486 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. R.B. Ganesh, V. Kannan, K. Meera, N.P. Rajesh, P. Ramasamy, J. Cryst. Growth 282, 429–433 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. R.A. Smith, Acta Cryst. B31, 2345 (1975)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. X. Sun, X. Liu, X. Xu, P. Sun, J. Guo, Optik 127, 1438–1441 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. R. Rani, K. Thukral, A. Krishna, G. Sharma, N. Vijayan, B. Rathi, G. Bhagavannarayana, J. Appl. Cryst. 47, 1966–1974 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. M. Lenka, D. Sarkar, J. Cryst. Growth 408, 85–90 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. N.R. Rajagopalan, P. Krishnamoorthy, K. Jayamoorthy, J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym. Mater. 27, 739–756 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. G.H. Sun, G.H. Zhang, X.Q. Wang, Z.H. Sun, D. Xu, Mater. Chem. Phys. 122, 524–527 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. M. Vijayalakshmi, R. Vizhi, D.R. Babu, Cryst. Res. Technol. 50, 15–21 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. M. Lakshmipriya, D.R. Babu, R.E. Vizhi, Phys. B 430, 6–9 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. R. Docherty, G. Clydesdale, K.J. Roberts, P. Bennema, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 24, 89 (1991)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. D.S. Coombes, C.R.A. Catlow, J.D. Gale, M.J Hardy, M.R. Saunders, J. Pharm. Sci. 91, 1652 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. J.H. Ter Horst, H.J.M. Kramer, G.M. Van Rosmalen, P.J. Jansens, J. Crystal Growth. 237, 2215 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. O.R. Evans, W. Lin, Acc. Chem. Res. 35, 511–522 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. W. Kaminsky, J. Appl. Cryst. 38, 566–567 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. W. Kaminsky, J. Appl. Cryst. 40, 382–385 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. G. Bhagavannarayana, S. Parthiban, S. Meenakshisundaram, Cryst. Growth. Des. 8, 446–451 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. B.W. Batterman, H. Cole, Rev. Mod. Phys. 36, 681 (1964)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. A. Senthil, P. Ramasamy, J. Cryst. Growth 311, 4720–4724 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. S.K. Chandran, R. Paulraj, P. Ramasamy, Opt. Mater. 52, 49–55 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. B.M. Boaz, M. Palanichamy, B. Varghese, C.J. Raj, S.J. Das, Mater. Res. Bull. 43, 3587–3595 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. K.A. Werling, M. Griffin, G.R. Hutchison, D.S. Lambrecht. J. Phys. Chem. A 118, 7404–7410 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. U. Charoen-In, P. Ramasamy, P. Manyum, J. Cryst. Growth 362, 220–226 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. K. Senthilkumar, S.M. Babu, B. Kumar, G. Bhagavannarayana, J. Cryst. Growth 362, 343–348 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. S. Suresh, A. Ramanand, D. Jayaraman, P. Mani, Rev. Adv. Mater. Sci. 30, 175–183 (2012)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. S.K. Kurtz, T.T. Perry, J. Phys. D 39, 3798–3813 (1968)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. T. Balakrishnan, K. Ramamurthi, Mater. Lett. 62, 65–68 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. M.E. Peter, P. Ramasamy, Mater. Lett. 64, 1–3 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. M.E. Peter, P. Ramasamy, J. Cryst. Growth, 312, 1952–1956 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Y. Wang, D.F. Eaton, Chem. Phys. Lett. 120, 441–444 (1985)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Y. Mori, Y.K. Yap, T. Kamimura, M. Yoshimura, T. Sasaki, Opt. Mater. 19, 1–5 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. M. Shkir, B. Riscob, M. Hasmuddin, P. Singh, V. Ganesh, M.A. Wahab, E. Dieguez, G. Bhagavannarayana, Opt. Mater. 36, 675–681 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. D.J. Daniel, P. Ramasamy, Mater. Res. Bull. 47, 708–713 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

One of the authors, Senthilkumar C thank the management of SSNCE Trust for providing SSN JRF.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Centre for Crystal Growth, SSN College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Tamilnadu, 603 110, India

    Senthilkumar Chandran, Rajesh Paulraj & P. Ramasamy

  2. Crystal Growth and X-Ray Analysis Division, CSIR - National Physical Laboratory, Delhi, 110012, India

    K. K. Maurya

Authors
  1. Senthilkumar Chandran
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Rajesh Paulraj
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. P. Ramasamy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. K. K. Maurya
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rajesh Paulraj.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Chandran, S., Paulraj, R., Ramasamy, P. et al. Determination of Nucleation Kinetics and Crystal Perfection, Optical, Piezoelectric Properties of Semi-organic NLO Single Crystal-Sodium Acid Phthalate Hemihydrate. J Inorg Organomet Polym 27, 1383–1390 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-017-0592-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-017-0592-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation