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Black–White Health Inequalities in Canada

Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health volume 18, pages 51–57 (2016)Cite this article

An Erratum to this article was published on 26 July 2016

Abstract

Little is known about Black–White health inequalities in Canada or the applicability of competing explanations for them. To address this gap, we used nine cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey to analyze multiple health outcomes in a sample of 3,127 Black women, 309,720 White women, 2,529 Black men and 250,511 White men. Adjusting for age, marital status, urban/rural residence and immigrant status, Black women and men were more likely than their White counterparts to report diabetes and hypertension, Black women were less likely than White women to report cancer and fair/poor mental health and Black men were less likely than White men to report heart disease. These health inequalities persisted after controlling for education, household income, smoking, physical activity and body-mass index. We conclude that high rates of diabetes and hypertension among Black Canadians may stem from experiences of racism in everyday life, low rates of heart disease and cancer among Black Canadians may reflect survival bias and low rates of fair/poor mental health among Black Canadian women represent a mental health paradox similar to the one that exists for African Americans in the United States.

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Acknowledgments

This research was funded by a grant awarded to Gerry Veenstra by the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada (G-13-0002797).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Sociology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada

    Gerry Veenstra & Andrew C. Patterson

Authors
  1. Gerry Veenstra
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  2. Andrew C. Patterson
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Correspondence to Gerry Veenstra.

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Veenstra, G., Patterson, A.C. Black–White Health Inequalities in Canada. J Immigrant Minority Health 18, 51–57 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-014-0140-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-014-0140-6

Keywords

  • Canada
  • Black–White
  • Racial health disparities
  • Socioeconomic status
  • Health behaviors
  • Body-mass index