Abstract
Inadequate access to prenatal services has been associated with higher rates of mother and child mortality and premature births in the general population. Thus, this paper aims to compare the utilization and adequacy of prenatal care services of Dominican immigrant mothers with that of Puerto Rican mothers. Data was extracted from birth certificates using a cohort from 1998 to 2002 (n = 252, 919). The Kotelchuck index for adequate prenatal care was used for comparison with socio-demographic characteristics of the population. Less than half of Dominican mothers (48.5 %) received adequate prenatal care compared to more than two-thirds (69.1 %) of Puerto Rican mothers (p < .001). After controlling for demographic characteristics, health insurance, pregnancy risks, complications and previous birth (parity) the odds of receiving adequate care of Dominican mothers was 0.7 that of Puerto Rican mothers (p < .001). These results suggest significant disparities in obtaining adequate prenatal care services among migrant women and native Puerto Ricans.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
United Nations. Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2008 Revision. United Nations database. 2008.
De la Torre J, Coll C, Coloma M, Martin JI, Padron E, Gonzalez NL. Antenatal care in immigrants. An Sist Sanit Navar. 2006;29(Suppl 1):49–61.
Schoeps D, Furquim de Almeida M, Alencar GP, França I Jr, Novaes HM, Franco de Siqueira AA, Campbell O, Rodrigues LC. Risk factors for early neonatal mortality. Rev Saude Publica. 2007;41(6):1013–22.
Barros H, Tavares M, Rodrigues T. Role of prenatal care in preterm birth and low birthweight in Portugal. J Public Health Med. 1996;18(3):321–8.
Malin M, Gissler M. Maternal care and birth outcomes among ethnic minority women in Finland. BMC Public Health. 2009;9:84.
Wallace HM, Fullerton JT. Maternity care for Hispanic women who cross to the United States side of the Mexico border. J Trop Pediatr. 1996;42:335–8.
Reichman NE, Kenney GM. Prenatal care, birth outcomes and newborn hospitalization costs: patterns among Hispanics in New Jersey. Fam Plann Perspect. 1998;30(182–7):200.
Shaokang Z, Zhenwei S, Blas E. Economic transition and maternal health care for internal migrants in Shanghai, China. Health Policy Plan. 2002;17(Suppl):47–55.
Gaviria M, Stern G, Schensul SL. Sociocultural factors and perinatal health in a Mexican-American community. J Natl Med Assoc. 1982;74:983–9.
Frisbie WP, Echevarria S, Hummer RA. Prenatal care utilization among non-Hispanic Whites, African Americans, and Mexican Americans. Matern Child Health J. 2001;5:21–33.
Morales Del Valle Z. Los inmigrantes residiendo en Puerto Rico: Su perfil socioeconómico en el 1990. CIDE. 1996; 2.
Kotelchuck M. An evaluation of the Kessner adequacy of prenatal care index and a proposed adequacy of prenatal care utilization index. Am J Public Health. 1994;84:1414–20.
Departamento de Salud. Nacimientos vivos por tipo de facilidad en Puerto Rico, años 2007–2010. Departamento de Salud. 2012.
Andersen RM. National health surveys and the behavioral model of health services use. Med Care. 2008;46:647–53.
Andersen RM. Revisiting the behavioral model and access to medical care: does it matter? J Health Soc Behav. 1995;36:1–10.
Gelberg L, Andersen RM, Leake BD. The Behavioral Model for Vulnerable Populations: application to medical care use and outcomes for homeless people. Health Serv Res. 2000;34:1273–302.
Departamento de Salud. Informe Anual de Estadísticas Vitales 2009 y 2010: Nacimientos Matrimonios y Divorcios. San Juan. 2012.
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, ed. Standards for Obstetric-Gynecologic Services. 6th ed. Washington: American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. 1985.
Marin HA, Ramirez R, Wise PH, Pena M, Sanchez Y, Torres R. The effect of Medicaid managed care on prenatal care: the case of Puerto Rico. Matern Child Health J. 2009;13:187–97.
Griffin JF, Hogan JW, Buechner JS, Leddy TM. The effect of a Medicaid managed care program on the adequacy of prenatal care utilization in Rhode Island. Am J Public Health. 1999;89:497–501.
Goldenberg RL, Rouse DJ. Prevention of premature birth. N Engl J Med. 1998;339:313–20.
Alexander GR, Kotelchuck M. Assessing the role and effectiveness of prenatal care: history, challenges, and directions for future research. Public Health Rep. 2001;116:306–16.
Wolff H, Epiney M, Lourenco AP, et al. Undocumented migrants lack access to pregnancy care and prevention. BMC Public Health. 2008;8:93.
Edwards N. Factors influencing prenatal class attendance among immigrants in Ottawa-Carleton. Can J Public Health. 1994;85:254–8.
Pagnini DL, Reichman NE. Psychosocial factors and the timing of prenatal care among women in New Jersey’s HealthStart program. Fam Plann Perspect. 2000;32:56–64.
Echevarria S, Frisbie WP. Race. Ethnic-specific variation in adequacy of prenatal care utilization. Soc Forces. 2001;80:633–55.
Higgins P, Murray ML, Williams EM. Self-esteem, social support, and satisfaction differences in women with adequate and inadequate prenatal care. Birth. 1994;21:26–33.
Batthyány K, Corrêa S. Health, gender and poverty in Latin America. Montevideo-Rio de Janeiro: Women and Gender Equity Knowledge Network of the WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health. 2007.
Doyle L. What Makes Women Sick: Gender and the Political Economy of Health. 1st ed. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press; 1995.
Marmot M. The status syndrome: how social standings affects our health and longevity. 1st ed. New York: Times Books; 2004.
Wilkinson R, Picket K. The spirit level: why greater equality makes societies stronger. 1st ed. New York: Bloomsbury Press; 2009.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Colón-Burgos, J.F., Colón-Jordan, H.M., Reyes-Ortiz, V.E. et al. Disparities and Barriers Encountered by Immigrant Dominican Mothers Accessing Prenatal Care Services in Puerto Rico. J Immigrant Minority Health 16, 646–651 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-013-9875-8
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-013-9875-8