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Ethnic/Racial Disparities in the Fetal Growth Outcomes of Ecuadorian Newborns

Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health volume 15, pages 198–206 (2013)Cite this article

An Erratum to this article was published on 02 August 2016

Abstract

Size at birth is an important indicator of future infant morbidity and mortality. Ethnic/racial disparities in birth weight and other fetal growth outcomes are well documented for US and Canadian minority groups but not for those in Latin America. The study compared the growth outcomes of 1,227 full-term Ecuadorian newborns delivered by Afro-descendant and indigenous minority women with those of ethnic majority (mestizo) women. Minority newborns had higher risk for congenital microcephaly but no excess risk for low birth weight or stunted linear growth compared to mestizos. However, minority newborns were significantly heavier at birth, weighing an average of 3–5% more than mestizos. Afro-Ecuadorians newborns also were fatter. The risk profile of Ecuadorian ethnic groups for certain fetal growth outcomes differs from some of those reported for North American minorities. Further studies are needed to investigate the origins of these between-group differences and to develop ethnic specific interventions for adverse growth outcomes.

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Acknowledgments

This study could not have been carried without the excellent technical assistance and dedication of the following pediatric staff, their institutions, and the Federación Ecuatoriana de Pediatría. The individual study collaborators include: Dr. Gonzalo Arcos E., Dra. Verónica Jara Ramírez, Dr. Luis Poma Cisneros, Dr. Diego Jirón, Dr. Leonel Melo Gordillo, Dra. Verónica Gutiérrez Durán, Dr. Javier Cuesta, Dr. Luis Nuñez, Dra. Soraida Davila, Dra. Cecilia Cevallos, Dr. Félix Campoverde, Dr. Walter Caicedo, Dra. María Inga, Dr. Carlos Coronel Almeida, Dra. Andrea Melo, Dr. Rosario Ramírez, Dra. Guadalupe Reyes, Dra. Paulina Proaño, Dra. Kattya Bracero Velasco, Dra. Ruth Mayorga Vallejo, Dr. Pablo Olmedo Ayala, Dr. Xavier Cando, Dra. María Fernanda Cárdenas, Dra. Laura Espinoza Ortiz, Dr. Néstor de la Torre, Dr. Eberth Castro, Dr. Misael Olalla, Dra. Inés Fernández Fernández, Dra. Nery Yánez Medina, Dra. Brenda Lamilla Engracia, Dra. Jeaneth Pazmiño, Dra. Jeaneth González Ayala, Dra. Mónica Cevallos Noroña, Dra. Fabiola Males Jácome, Dr. Edison Tamayo Orquera, Dra. Carmen Quishpe Zagal, Dra. Fanny Logroño, Dr. Armando Vilca Molina, Dr. José Paredes Benítes, Dr. Carlos Fernando Vaca Pazmiño, Dra. Mariana Proaño, Dra. Irma Cando, Dra. Laura Narvaez, Dr. Patricio Reina, Dr. César Alulema Velasco, and Dra. Gabriela Alexandra Brito Carrillo.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Ave, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA

    M. Margaret Weigel

  2. Center for Interdisciplinary Health Research and Evaluation, College of Health Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA

    M. Margaret Weigel

  3. Human Immunology and Nutrition Research Laboratory College of Health Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA

    M. Margaret Weigel

  4. Ministerio de Salud Publica, Quito, Ecuador

    Maria Elena Caiza Sanchez

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Correspondence to M. Margaret Weigel.

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An erratum to this article is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10903-016-0470-7.

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Margaret Weigel, M., Sanchez, M.E.C. Ethnic/Racial Disparities in the Fetal Growth Outcomes of Ecuadorian Newborns. J Immigrant Minority Health 15, 198–206 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-011-9571-5

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Keywords

  • Fetal growth disparities
  • Pregnancy outcome
  • Microcephaly
  • Ponderal index
  • Low birth weight
  • Minority women