Abstract
Cigarette smoking has declined among New York City (NYC) adults since 2002, but research has shown that NYC tobacco control policies may be less impactful among Asian communities, particularly Chinese. In order to better target this subgroup, we explored smoking and cessation behaviors among Chinese-speaking Asian smokers compared with English-speaking Asian smokers and all other smokers. We used combined 2015–2016 data from the NYC Community Health Survey (CHS), an annual dual landline/cellphone survey of about 9000 adults to analyze smoker demographics, and 2010–2012 and 2016 CHS samples to compare quit attempts, advice, and aids used among Asian smokers who took the survey in Chinese, Asian smokers who took the survey in English and all other smokers at two points in time. We used multivariable logistic regression to compare outcomes between groups. In 2015–2016, English-speaking Asians (11.2%, p = .004) and all other adults (13.6%, p = .029) were less likely to be current smokers compared with Chinese-speaking Asians (16.9%). In 2010–2012 there was no difference in odds of current smoking by race/interview language, while in 2016 the odds of smoking among English-speaking Asians and all other respondents were 51% and 32% lower, respectively, than Chinese-speaking Asians. Odds of NRT use did not differ in 2010–2012 but in 2016 odds of NRT use among all other smokers were 2.63 times higher than among Chinese-speaking Asian smokers. Results indicate the need for tailored smoking cessation programs towards Chinese-speaking Asian smokers to encourage NRT use, reduce cigarette consumption, and decrease disparities.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2014). The health consequences of smoking: 50 years of progress. A report of the surgeon general. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health.
New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene. Epiquery: NYC Interactive Health Data System—Community Health Survey, 2002–2016. Retrieved December 1, 2018, from https://nyc.gov/health/epiquery.
Jamal, A., Phillips, E., Gentzke, A. S., et al. (2018). Current cigarette smoking among adults—United States, 2016. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 67, 53–59.
Cantrell, J., Hung, D., Fahs, M. C., & Shelley, D. (2008). Purchasing patterns and smoking behaviors after a large tobacco tax increase: a study of Chinese Americans living in New York City. Public Health Reports, 123(2), 135–146.
Li, S., Kwon, S. C., Weerasinghe, I., Rey, M. J., & Trinh-Shevrin, C. (2013). Smoking among Asian Americans acculturation and gender in the context of tobacco control policies in New York City. Health Promotion Practice, 14(Supp 1), 18S–28S.
New York City Department of City Planning. American Community Survey (ACS). (2015). Retrieved December 1, 2018 from https://www1.nyc.gov/site/planning/data-maps/nyc-population/american-community-survey.page.
Burden, A. M., Barth, R, Hornick, S, et al. Socioeconomic Characteristics by Race/Hispanic Origin and Ancestry Group, in NYC 2010: Results from the 2010 American Community Survey 2010, New York City Department of City Planning. Retrieved December 1, 2018, from https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/planning/download/pdf/data-maps/nyc-population/acs/acs_socio_10_nyc.pdf.
Li, Q., Hsia, J., & Yang, G. (2011). Prevalence of smoking in China in 2010. New England Journal of Medicine, 364(25), 2469–2470.
Chen, Z., Peto, R., Zhou, M., et al. (2015). Contrasting male and female trends in tobacco-attributed mortality in China: Evidence from successive nationwide prospective cohort studies. The Lancet, 386(10002), 1447–1456.
Jamal, A., King, B. A., Neff, L. J., Whitmill, J., Babb, S., & Graffunder, C. (2016). Current cigarette smoking among adults—United States, 2005–2015. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 2016(65), 1205–1211.
Li, W., Sun, Y., Huynh, M. (2017). Mortality among Chinese New Yorkers. New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene. Epi Data Brief. Retrieved December 1, 2018, from https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/doh/downloads/pdf/epi/databrief91.pdf.
Salant, T., & Lauderdale, D. S. (2003). Measuring culture: a critical review of acculturation and health in Asian immigrant populations. Social Science and Medicine, 57(1), 71–90.
Ma, G. X., Tan, Y., Toubbeh, J. I., Su, X., Shive, S. E., & Lan, Y. (2004). Acculturation and smoking behavior in Asian-American populations. Health Education Research, 19(6), 615–625.
An, N., Cochran, S. D., Mays, V. M., & McCarthy, W. J. (2008). Influence of American acculturation on cigarette smoking behaviors among Asian American subpopulations in California. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 10(4), 579–587.
Shelley, D., Fahs, M., Scheinmann, R., et al. (2004). Acculturation and tobacco use among Chinese Americans. American Journal of Public Health, 94(2), 300–307.
Fu, S. S., Ma, G. X., Tu, X. M., Siu, P. T., & Metlay, J. P. (2003). Cigarette smoking among Chinese Americans and the influence of linguistic acculturation. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 5(6), 803–811.
U.S. Census. (2012). The Asian population: 2010. Retrieved December 1, 2018, from https://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/briefs/c2010br-11.pdf.
Lee, S., Nguyen, H. A., & Tsui, J. (2011). Interview language: A proxy measure for acculturation among Asian Americans in a population-based survey. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 13(2), 244–252.
New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene. Community Health Survey Methodology. Retrieved from https://www1.nyc.gov/site/doh/data/data-sets/community-health-survey-methodology.page.
Hosmer, D. W., & Lemeshow, S. (2000). Applied logistic regression. New York: Wiley.
Tsang, I. K., Tsoh, J. Y., Wong, C., et al. (2014). Understanding and use of nicotine replacement therapy and nonpharmacologic smoking cessation strategies among Chinese and Vietnamese smokers and their families. Preventing Chronic Disease, 11, 130299.
Quinn, E. C., Sacks, R., Farley, S. M., & Thihalolipavan, S. (2016). Development of culturally appropriate support strategies to increase uptake of nicotine replacement therapy among Russian-and Chinese-speaking smokers in New York city. Journal of Community Health, 42(3), 431–436.
Tong, E. K., Tang, H., Chen, M. S., & McPhee, S. J. (2011). Provider smoking cessation advice among California Asian-American smokers. American Journal of Health Promotion, 25, S70–S74.
Babb, S., Malarcher, A., Schauer, G., Asman, K., & Jamal, A. (2017). Quitting smoking among adults—United States, 2000–2015. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 65, 1457–1464.
Mukherjea, A., Wackjowski, O., Lee, Y. O., & Delnevo, C. D. (2014). Asian American, native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander tobacco use patterns. American Journal of Health Behavior, 38(3), 362–369.
Ma, G. X., Shive, S., Tan, Y., Toubbeh, J. I., Fang, C. Y., & Edwards, R. L. (2005). Tobacco use, secondhand smoke exposure and their related knowledge, attitudes and behaviors among Asian Americans. Addictive Behaviors, 30(4), 725–740.
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (2008). Treating tobacco use and dependence: 2008 update. Retrieved December 1, 2018 from http://www.ahrq.gov/professionals/clinicians-providers/guidelines-recommendations/tobacco/index.html.
Shelley, D., Nguyen, N., Peng, C., Chin, M., Chang, M., & Fahs, M. (2010). Increasing access to evidence-based smoking cessation treatment: Effectiveness of a free nicotine patch program among Chinese immigrants. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 12(2), 198–205.
Zhu, S., Cummins, S. E., Wong, S., Gamst, A. C., Tedeschi, G. J., & Reyes-Nocon, J. (2012). The effects of a multilingual telephone Quitline for Asian smokers: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 104(4), 299–310.
Jiang, Y., Ong, M. K., Tong, E. K., et al. (2007). Chinese physicians and their smoking knowledge, attitudes, and practices. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 33(1), 15–22.
Klink, K., Lin, S., Elkin, Z., & Strigenz, D. (2011). Smoking cessation knowledge, attitudes, and practice among community health providers in China. Family Medicine, 43(3), 198–200.
Wu, D., Ma, G. X., Zhou, K., Zhou, D., Liu, A., & Poon, A. N. (2009). The effect of a culturally tailored smoking cessation for Chinese American smokers. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 11(12), 1448–1457.
Shelley, D., Fahs, M., Yerneni, R., et al. (2008). Effectiveness of tobacco control among Chinese Americans: A comparative analysis of policy approaches versus community-based programs. Preventive Medicine, 47(5), 530–536.
Funding
New York City Tax Levy (no external funding).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Roods, K., Jasek, J. & Farley, S.M. Recent Survey Findings on Smoking and Cessation Behaviors Among Asians in New York City. J Community Health 44, 1141–1149 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-019-00695-w
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-019-00695-w