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Oily Fish Intake and Cognitive Performance in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Atahualpa Project

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Abstract

Due to their high content of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, oily fish consumption is likely associated with a better cognitive performance. However, information on this association is controversial, with some studies showing a positive effect while others showing no association. We aimed to assess the effects of oily fish consumption on cognitive performance in a population of frequent fish consumers living in rural coastal Ecuador. Atahualpa residents aged ≥60 years were identified during a door-to-door survey and evaluated by the use of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Oily fish servings per week were calculated in all participants. We estimated whether fish intake correlated with MoCA scores in generalized multivariate linear models adjusted for demographics, cardiovascular risk factors, edentulism and symptoms of depression. Out of 330 eligible persons, 307 (93 %) were enrolled. Mean MoCA scores were 19 ± 4.8 points, and mean oily fish consumption was 8.6 ± 5.3 servings per week. In multivariate analyses, MoCA scores were related to fish servings (β 0.097, 95 % CI 0.005–0.188, p = 0.038). Locally weighted scatterplot smoothing showed an inflection point in the total MoCA score curve at four fish servings per week. However, predictive margins of the MoCA score were similar across groups below and above this point, suggesting a direct linear relationship between oily fish intake and cognitive performance. Simple preventive measures, such as modifying dietary habits might be of value to reduce the rate of cognitive decline in community-dwelling older adults living in underserved populations.

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Acknowledgments

This study was partially supported by an unrestricted grant from Universidad Espiritu Santo—Ecuador, Guayaquil, Ecuador.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Medicine, Universidad Espíritu Santo – Ecuador, Guayaquil, Ecuador

    Oscar H. Del Brutto

  2. Department of Neurological Sciences, Hospital-Clínica Kennedy, Guayaquil, Ecuador

    Oscar H. Del Brutto

  3. Gastroenterology Department, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA

    Robertino M. Mera

  4. Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY, USA

    Jennifer Gillman & Jung-eun Ha

  5. Community Center, The Atahualpa Project, Atahualpa, Ecuador

    Mauricio Zambrano

  6. Air Center 3542, PO Box 522970, Miami, FL, 33152-2970, USA

    Oscar H. Del Brutto

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  1. Oscar H. Del Brutto
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Correspondence to Oscar H. Del Brutto.

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Del Brutto, O.H., Mera, R.M., Gillman, J. et al. Oily Fish Intake and Cognitive Performance in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Atahualpa Project. J Community Health 41, 82–86 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-015-0070-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-015-0070-9

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