Skip to main content
Log in

“Are We Making an Impact?“: Perspectives on Providing Interpersonal Violence Prevention Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the U.S.

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Journal of Family Violence Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

This study sought to understand violence prevention educators’ experiences conducting prevention education during the COVID-19 pandemic including barriers, challenges, and lessons learned.

Methods

For this study, we interviewed 25 violence prevention educators from across the U.S. Qualitative content analysis was used to identify major categories from the interviews.

Results

The first set of categories concerns prevention education audiences and modes during the COVID-19 pandemic (Research Question 1). The second set of categories focuses on barriers and challenges to violence prevention education during the pandemic (Research Question 2). The final set of categories discusses lessons learned by prevention educators during the COVID-19 pandemic (Research Question 3).

Conclusions

Findings from the study highlight both the barriers violence prevention educators faced during the COVID-19 pandemic and participants’ resiliency in working to overcome these barriers, including lessons learned for future violence prevention efforts. These findings suggest that some elements of prevention education implemented during the pandemic, such as virtual education and social media usage, may benefit current and future prevention education.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Banyard, V. L., Potter, S. J., Cares, A. C., Williams, L. M., Moynihan, M. M., & Stapleton, J. G. (2018). Multiple sexual violence prevention tools: Doses and boosters. Journal of Aggression Conflict and Peace Research, 10(2), 145–155. https://doi.org/10.1108/jacpr-05-2017-0287.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bengtsson, M. (2016). How to plan and perform a qualitative study using content analysis. NursingPlus open, 2, 8–14.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bennett, E. R., Snyder, S., Cusano, J., McMahon, S., Zijdel, M., Camerer, K., & Howley, C. (2021). Supporting survivors of campus dating and sexual violence during COVID-19: A social work perspective. Social Work in Health Care, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1080/00981389.2021.1885566.

  • Burd, C., MacGregor, J. C. D., Ford-Gilboe, M., Mantler, T., McLean, I., Veenendaal, J., & Wathen, N. (2022). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on staff in violence against women services. Violence Against Women, 29(9), 1764–1786. https://doi.org/10.1177/10778012221117595.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burnham, J., Banyard, V., Ast, R. S., & Edwards, K. M. (2022). Case study of community-level domestic and sexual violence prevention: Using concept mapping to evaluate community narratives over time. Journal of Family Violence, 37(1), 43–57.

  • Desai, R., Bandyopadhyay, S., Zafar, S., & Bradbury-Jones, C. (2022). The experiences of post-separation survivors of domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic: Findings from a qualitative study in the United Kingdom. Violence Against Women, 10778012221142914.

  • Emezue, C. (2020). Digital or digitally delivered responses to domestic and intimate partner violence during COVID-19. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, 6(3), e19831.

  • Emezue, C. N., Enriquez, M., Dougherty, D. S., Bullock, L. F., & Bloom, T. L. (2021). Rural young males’ acceptance & receptiveness to technology-based interventions for dating violence prevention: A qualitative descriptive study. Journal of Adolescence, 92, 137–151.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Foshee, V. A., Reyes, L. M., Agnew-Brune, C. B., Simon, T. R., Vagi, K. J., Lee, R. D., & Suchindran, C. (2014). The effects of the evidence-based safe dates dating abuse prevention program on other youth violence outcomes. Prevention Science, 15(6), 907–916. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-014-0472-4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fox, C. L., Hale, R., & Gadd, D. (2014). Domestic abuse prevention education: Listening to the views of young people. Sex Education, 14(1), 28–41. https://doi.org/10.1080/14681811.2013.816949.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Francis, J. J., Johnston, M., Robertson, C., Glidewell, L., Entwistle, V., Eccles, M. P., & Grimshaw, J. M. (2010). What is an adequate sample size? Operationalising data saturation for theory-based interview studies. Psychology & Health, 25(10), 1229–1245.

  • Guest, G., Bunce, A., & Johnson, L. (2006). How many interviews are enough?: An experiment with data saturation and variability. Field Methods, 18(1), 59–82.

  • Hielscher, E., Moores, C., Blenkin, M., Jadambaa, A., & Scott, J. G. (2021). Intervention programs designed to promote health romantic relationships in youth: A systematic review. Journal of Adolescence, 92, 194–236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2021.08.008.

  • Hsieh, H. F., & Shannon, S. E. (2005). Three approaches to qualitative content analysis. Qualitative Health Research, 15(9), 1277–1288.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, S., Warren, E., Jahangir, T., Al-Garadi, M., Guo, Y., Yang, Y. C., Lakamana, S., & Sarker, A. (2023). Characteristics of intimate partner violence and vurvivor’s needs during the COVID-19 pandemic: Insights from subreddits related to intimate partner violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 08862605231168816.

  • Kourti, A., Stavridou, A., Panagouli, E., Psaltopoulou, T., Spiliopoulou, C., Tsolia, M., Sergentanis, T. N., & Tsitsika, A. (2023). Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review. Trauma Violence & Abuse, 24(2), 719–745.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leslie, H. J. (2020). Trifecta of student engagement. Journal of Research in Innovative Teaching & Learning, 13(2), 149–173. https://doi.org/10.1108/JRIT-10-2018-0024.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lundgren, R., & Amin, A. (2015). Addressing intimate partner violence and sexual violence among adolescents: Emerging evidence of effectiveness. Journal of Adolescent Health, 56(1 Suppl), 42–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.08.012.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lutgendorf, M. A. (2019). Intimate partner violence and women’s health. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 134(3), 470–480.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martsolf, D. S., Colbert, C., & Draucker, C. B. (2012). Adolescent dating violence prevention and intervention in a community setting: Perspectives of young adults and professionals. Qualitative Report, 17, 99.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mujal, G. N., Taylor, M. E., Fry, J. L., Gochez-Kerr, T. H., & Weaver, N. L. (2019). A systematic review of bystander interventions for the prevention of sexual violence. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 22(2), 381–396. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838019849587.

  • Nation, M., Crusto, C., Wandersman, A., Kumpfer, K. L., Seybolt, D., Morrissey-Kane, E., & Davino, K. (2003). What works in prevention. Principles of effective prevention programs. American Psychologist, 58(6–7), 449–456. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.58.6-7.449.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Neuwirth, L. S., Jović, S., & Mukherji, B. R. (2021). Reimagining higher education during and post-COVID-19: Challenges and opportunities. Journal of Adult and Continuing Education, 27(2), 141–156. https://doi.org/10.1177/1477971420947738.

    Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Petersson, C. C., & Hansson, K. (2022). Social work responses to domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic: Experiences and perspectives of professionals at women’s shelters in Sweden. Clinical Social Work Journal, 50(2), 135–146.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Pew Research Center. (2021). Internet/broadband fact sheet. https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/fact-sheet/internet-broadband/?tabId=tab-2ab2b0be-6364-4d3a-8db7-ae134dbc05cd.

  • Reidy, D. E., Holland, K. M., Cortina, K., Ball, B., & Rosenbluth, B. (2017). Evaluation of the expect respect support group program: A violence prevention strategy for youth exposed to violence. Preventive Medicine, 100, 235–242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.05.003.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Segura, A., Henkhaus, M., Banyard, V., Obara, L. M., & Jefferson, G. C. (2022). Rethinking dating and SEXUAL violence prevention for youth during the pandemic: Examining program feasibility and acceptability. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 08862605221111421.

  • Storer, H. L., & Nyerges, E. X. (2022). The rapid uptake of digital technologies at domestic violence and sexual assault organizations during the covid-19 pandemic. Violence Against Women, 10778012221094066. https://doi.org/10.1177/10778012221094066.

  • Temple, J. R., Baumler, E., Wood, L., Thiel, M., Peskin, M., & Torres, E. (2021). A dating violence prevention program for middle school youth: A cluster randomized trial. Pediatrics, e2021052880. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2021-052880.

  • Vivolo-Kantor, A. M., Niolon, P. H., Estefan, L. F., Le, V. D., Tracy, A. J., Latzman, N. E., Little, T. D., Lang, K. M., DeGue, S., & Tharp, A. T. (2021). Middle school effects of the dating matters® comprehensive teen dating violence prevention model on physical violence, bullying, and cyberbullying: A cluster-randomized controlled trial. Prevention Science, 22, 151–161. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-019-01071-9.

    Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Voth Schrag, R. J., Leat, S., Backes, B., Childress, S., & Wood, L. (2022). So many extra safety layers: Virtual service provision and implementing social distancing in interpersonal violence service agencies during COVID-19. Journal of Family Violence, 38, 227–239. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-021-00350-w.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Wolfe, D. A., & Jaffe, P. G. (1999). Emerging strategies in the prevention of domestic violence. The Future of Children, 9(3), 133–144.

Download references

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Shelleta Ladonice and Ashely Morris for assistance with conducting interviews as well as Shelby Luckey and Caitlyn Pham for assistance with coding the data.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Julia O’Connor.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

O’Connor, J., Yero, A.C., Cares, A.C. et al. “Are We Making an Impact?“: Perspectives on Providing Interpersonal Violence Prevention Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the U.S.. J Fam Viol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-024-00686-z

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-024-00686-z

Keywords

Navigation