Skip to main content
Log in

Dual Gas-responsive Fluorescent Diblock Copolymer Synthesized via RAFT Polymerization

  • Short Communication
  • Published:
Journal of Fluorescence Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Stimulus-responsive polymers with luminescence properties have a wide range of applications in the fields of controlled drug release, fluorescent probes, and biological stents. In this paper, carbon dioxide (CO2)/oxygen (O2) dual-responsive fluorescent diblock copolymers were synthesized by the reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization method with two fluorescent monomers synthesized as its luminescence source, DEAEMA (CO2 responsive monomer) and tFMA (O2 responsive monomer). An experimental study demonstrated that the synthesized stimulus-responsive fluorescent polymer had a high sensitivity to CO2; the double-responsive fluorescent diblock copolymer could form and achieve the reversal of polymer micelles in the aqueous solution when it was sequentially subjected to the introduction of CO2 and O2.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Data Availability

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.

References

  1. Choi JY, Kim JY, Moon HJ, Park MH, Jeong B (2014) CO2- and O2-sensitive fluorophenyl end-capped poly(ethylene glycol). Macromol Rapid Commun 35:66

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Lei L, Zhang Q, Shi S, Zhu S (2016) Oxygen and carbon dioxide dual gas-switchable thermoresponsive homopolymers. ACS Macro Lett 5:828

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Han D, Tong X, Boissière O, Zhao Y (2012) General strategy for making CO2-switchable polymers. ACS Macro Lett 1:57

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Huang X, Mutlu H, Lin S, Theato P (2021) Oxygen-switchable thermo-responsive polymers with unprecedented UCST in water. Eur Polym J 142:110156

  5. Cunningham MF, Jessop PG (2019) Carbon dioxide-switchable polymers: where are the future opportunities? Macromolecules 52:6801

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Guo S, Zhang H, Lu X, Xiao H, Zhao Y (2019) Sensing carbon dioxide through a solution transparency change in gas-responsive polymers. J Mater Chem C 7:4049

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Lin S, Shang J, Zhang X, Theato P (2018) “Breathing” CO2-, O2-, and light-responsive vesicles from a triblock copolymer for rate-tunable controlled release. Macromol Rapid Commun 39:1700313

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Gupta M, Lee HI (2017) A pyrene derived CO2-responsive polymeric probe for the turn-on fluorescent detection of nerve agent mimics with tunable sensitivity. Macromolecules 50:6888

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Xue J, Feng C, Lu G, Huang X (2017) Oxygen and carbon dioxide dual gas-responsive homopolymers and diblock copolymers synthesized via RAFT polymerization. Polym Chem 8:1163

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Zhang Q, Zhu S (2014) Oxygen and carbon dioxide dual responsive nanoaggregates of fluoro- and amino-containing copolymer. ACS Macro Lett 3:743

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Atsushi K, Kaoru A, Shigeki N, Yotaro M, Mikiharu K (1992) Radical Polymerization of 5-(4-Acrylamido)-phenyl-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin. Chem Lett 21:95

    Google Scholar 

  12. Xiong Y, Zhao Z, Zhao W, Ma H, Peng Q, He Z, Zhang X, Chen Y, He X, Lam JWY, Tang BZ (2018) Designing efficient and ultralong pure organic room-temperature phosphorescent materials by structural isomerism. Angew Chem Int Ed 57:7997

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Gaware VS, Håkerud M, Juzeniene A, Høgset A, Berg K, Másson M (2017) Endosome targeting meso-tetraphenylchlorin–chitosan nanoconjugates for photochemical internalization. Biomacromol 18:1108

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Kumar S, Xia T, Dory YL, Lepage M, Zhao Y (2013) A CO2-switchable polymer brush for reversible capture and release of proteins. Chem Commun 49:90

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Cunningham MF, Jessop PG (2016) An introduction to the principles and fundamentals of CO2-switchable polymers and polymer colloids. Eur Polymer J 76:208

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Lei L, Zhang Q, Shi S, Zhu S (2015) Oxygen and carbon dioxide dual gas-responsive and switchable microgels prepared from emulsion copolymerization of fluoro- and amino-containing monomers. Langmuir 31:2196

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Shieh YT, Hu FZ, Cheng CC (2018) CO2-Switchable Multi-Stimuli-Responsive Polymer Nanoparticle Dispersion. ACS Applied Nano Materials 1:384

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge Liaoning Petrochemical University.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Contributions

Xiaorong Wang contributed to the conception of the study and wrote the manuscript; Xiaozhen Zhang performed the experiment; Shijia Zhou contributed significantly to analysis; Jinjin Wang performed the data analyses and manuscript preparation; Shuangshuang Sun helped perform the analysis with constructive discussions; Fengyang Zhao helped do the revision; Shengwei Guo helped perform the analysis with constructive discussions.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Xiaorong Wang or Shengwei Guo.

Ethics declarations

Ethical Approval

This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects.

Informed Consent

A statement regarding informed consent is not applicable.

Conflict of Interest

Xiaorong Wang declares that she has no conflict of interest. Xiaozhen Zhang declares that he has no conflict of interest. JinjinWang declares that he has no conflict of interest. Shijia Zhou declares that he has no conflict of interest. Shuangshuang Sun declares that she has no conflict of interest. Shengwei Guo declares that he has no conflict of interest. Fengyang Zhao declares that he has no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Supplementary Information

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary file1 (DOCX 648 KB)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zhang, X., Wang, J., Zhou, S. et al. Dual Gas-responsive Fluorescent Diblock Copolymer Synthesized via RAFT Polymerization. J Fluoresc 32, 435–442 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10895-021-02877-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10895-021-02877-z

Keywords

Navigation