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Attraction of Three Mirid Predators to Tomato Infested by Both the Tomato Leaf Mining Moth Tuta absoluta and the Whitefly Bemisia tabaci

Journal of Chemical Ecology volume 44, pages 29–39 (2018)Cite this article

Abstract

Plants emit volatile compounds in response to insect herbivory, which may play multiple roles as defensive compounds and mediators of interactions with other plants, microorganisms and animals. Herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) may act as indirect plant defenses by attracting natural enemies of the attacking herbivore. We report here the first evidence of the attraction of three Neotropical mirid predators (Macrolophus basicornis, Engytatus varians and Campyloneuropsis infumatus) toward plants emitting volatiles induced upon feeding by two tomato pests, the leaf miner Tuta absoluta and the phloem feeder Bemisia tabaci, in olfactometer bioassays. Subsequently, we compared the composition of volatile blends emitted by insect-infested tomato plants by collecting headspace samples and analyzing them with GC-FID and GC-MS. Egg deposition by T. absoluta did not make tomato plants more attractive to the mirid predators than uninfested tomato plants. Macrolophus basicornis is attracted to tomato plants infested with either T. absoluta larvae or by a mixture of B. tabaci eggs, nymphs and adults. Engytatus varians and C. infumatus responded to volatile blends released by tomato plants infested with T. absoluta larvae over uninfested plants. Also, multiple herbivory by T. absoluta and B. tabaci did not increase the attraction of the mirids compared to infestation with T. absoluta alone. Terpenoids represented the most important class of compounds in the volatile blends and there were significant differences between the volatile blends emitted by tomato plants in response to attack by T. absoluta, B. tabaci, or by both insects. We, therefore, conclude that all three mirids use tomato plant volatiles to find T. absoluta larvae. Multiple herbivory did neither increase, nor decrease attraction of C. infumatus, E. varians and M. basicornis. By breeding for higher rates of emission of selected terpenes, increased attractiveness of tomato plants to natural enemies may improve the effectiveness of biological control.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the CAPES/Nuffic Programme Project 044/12 of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES, Brazil); the National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT) Semiochemicals in Agriculture (CNPq Process 573761/2008-6 and FAPESP Process 2008/57701-2) and the National Council for Scientific and Technology Research (CNPq) for financial support of the project. We thank A. Prado (USP-ESALQ) for technical assistance.

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  1. Department of Entomology, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), P.O.Box 3037, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil

    Diego B. Silva, Vanda H. P. Bueno & Maria Fernanda G. V. Peñaflor

  2. Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (USP/ESALQ), Department of Entomology and Acarology, University of Sao Paulo, P.O. Box 9, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil

    Diego B. Silva, Vanda H. P. Bueno, Maria Fernanda G. V. Peñaflor, José Maurício S. Bento & Joop C. Van Lenteren

  3. Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands

    Joop J. A. Van Loon & Joop C. Van Lenteren

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  1. Diego B. Silva
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  2. Vanda H. P. Bueno
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  3. Joop J. A. Van Loon
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Correspondence to Vanda H. P. Bueno.

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Silva, D.B., Bueno, V.H.P., Van Loon, J.J.A. et al. Attraction of Three Mirid Predators to Tomato Infested by Both the Tomato Leaf Mining Moth Tuta absoluta and the Whitefly Bemisia tabaci . J Chem Ecol 44, 29–39 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-017-0909-x

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Keywords

  • Multiple herbivory
  • Predator foraging behavior
  • Tomato pests
  • Campyloneuropsis infumatus
  • Engytatus varians
  • Macrolophus basicornis