Abstract
Although adult sycamore lace bugs Corythucha ciliata (Say) show no sign of aggregation, nymphs at all developing stages are gregarious. When an individual nymph in the center of a colony was squashed with a needlepoint, proximate nymphs showed evasive behavior. The same evasive reaction was produced by exposing aggregated nymphs to nymph hexane extract. The active component, E-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol, geraniol, was responsible for the evasive behavior, and identified as the alarm pheromone. One nanogram of the alarm pheromone elicited activity similar to that in a third instar nymph. Presence of 2-acylcyclohexane-1,3-diones and their 4-hydroxy analogues are reconfirmed as nymph-specific components, though their biological significance remains unknown.
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Acknowledgments
We wish to thank Miss Maiko Ueno, Kyoto Gakuen University, for helping to collect the sycamore lace bugs and for technical assistance.
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Kuwahara, Y., Kawai, A., Shimizu, N. et al. Geraniol, E-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol, as the Alarm Pheromone of the Sycamore Lace Bug Corythucha ciliata (Say). J Chem Ecol 37, 1211–1215 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-011-0025-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-011-0025-2