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The Relationships Between Self-reported Pain Intensity, Pain Interference, and Quality of Life Among Injured U.S. Service Members With and Without Low Back Pain

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Abstract

Low back pain is a prevalent military and veteran health problem and individuals injured on deployment may be at particularly high risk of pain conditions. Given that increasing numbers of active duty and veteran military personnel are seeking care in community settings, it is critical that health care providers are aware of military health issues. The current study examined the prevalence of low back pain among individuals with deployment-related injuries, compared their self-reported pain intensity and interference ratings, and assessed the relationship between low back pain, self-reported pain ratings, and quality of life. Almost half of participants had low back pain diagnoses, and individuals with low back pain reported significantly higher intensity and interference due to their pain than individuals without low back pain. Finally, the relationship between low back pain and quality of life was explained by self-reported pain indices, underscoring the importance of patient-centered metrics in pain treatment.

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Disclaimer

I am a military service member or employee of the U.S. Government. This work was prepared as part of my official duties. Title 17, U.S.C. §105 provides that copyright protection under this title is not available for any work of the U.S. Government. Title 17, U.S.C. §101 defines a U.S. Government work as work prepared by a military service member or employee of the U.S. Government as part of that person’s official duties. This work was supported by the DoD-VA Extremity Trauma and Amputation Center of Excellence under Work Unit No. N1333. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, nor the U.S. Government. Research data were derived from an approved Naval Health Research Center, Institutional Review Board protocol number NHRC.2009.0014.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Kristen Braganza and Alexandra Spruth and the Medical Modeling, Simulation, and Mission Support research support divisions for their work on the project.

Funding

This research was supported by the DoD-VA Extremity Trauma and Amputation Center of Excellence under Work Unit No. N1333 and Bureau of Medicine and Surgery under Work Unit No. 60808.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Medical Modeling, Simulation, and Mission Support Department, Naval Health Research Center, 140 Sylvester Road, San Diego, CA, 92106, USA

    Jessica R. Watrous, Cameron T. McCabe, Gretchen Jones, Susan L. Eskridge & Michael R. Galarneau

  2. Leidos, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA

    Jessica R. Watrous, Cameron T. McCabe & Susan L. Eskridge

  3. Axiom, San Diego, CA, USA

    Gretchen Jones

  4. Research and Surveillance Division, DoD-VA Extremity Trauma and Amputation Center of Excellence (EACE), San Diego, CA, USA

    Brittney Mazzone & Shawn Farrokhi

  5. Research and Surveillance Division, DoD-VA Extremity Trauma and Amputation Center of Excellence (EACE), Bethesda, MD, USA

    Brad D. Hendershot

  6. Department of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Chiropractic Services and Sports Medicine, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA

    Brittney Mazzone & Shawn Farrokhi

  7. Department of Rehabilitation, Research and Development Section, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA

    Brad D. Hendershot

  8. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA

    Brad D. Hendershot

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Correspondence to Jessica R. Watrous.

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Conflict of Interest

Jessica R. Watrous, Cameron T. McCabe, Gretchen Jones, Brittney Mazzone, Shawn Farrokhi, Susan L. Eskridge, Brad D. Hendershot and Michael R. Galarneau declares that they have no conflict of interest.

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This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Institutional Review Board of the Naval Health Research Center (protocol number NHRC.2009.0014).

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The study protocol was approved by the Naval Health Research Center Institutional Review Board in compliance with all applicable Federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects.

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Watrous, J.R., McCabe, C.T., Jones, G. et al. The Relationships Between Self-reported Pain Intensity, Pain Interference, and Quality of Life Among Injured U.S. Service Members With and Without Low Back Pain. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 28, 746–756 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10880-020-09759-9

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