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Arterial blood pressure waveform in liver transplant surgery possesses variability of morphology reflecting recipients’ acuity and predicting short term outcomes

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Abstract

We investigated clinical information underneath the beat-to-beat fluctuation of the arterial blood pressure (ABP) waveform morphology. We proposed the Dynamical Diffusion Map algorithm (DDMap) to quantify the variability of morphology.  The underlying physiology could be the compensatory mechanisms involving complex interactions between various physiological mechanisms to regulate the cardiovascular system. As a liver transplant surgery contains distinct periods, we investigated its clinical behavior in different surgical steps. Our study used DDmap algorithm, based on unsupervised manifold learning, to obtain a quantitative index for the beat-to-beat variability of morphology. We examined the correlation between the variability of ABP morphology and disease acuity as indicated by Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) scores, the postoperative laboratory data, and 4 early allograft failure (EAF) scores. Among the 85 enrolled patients, the variability of morphology obtained during the presurgical phase was best correlated with MELD-Na scores. The neohepatic phase variability of morphology was associated with EAF scores as well as postoperative bilirubin levels, international normalized ratio, aspartate aminotransferase levels, and platelet count. Furthermore, variability of morphology presents more associations with the above clinical conditions than the common BP measures and their BP variability indices. The variability of morphology obtained during the presurgical phase is indicative of patient acuity, whereas those during the neohepatic phase are indicative of short-term surgical outcomes.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Professor Alfonso Avolio (UCSC, Italy) for kindly providing the details related to the calculation of EASE scores. We also thank Professor Vatche G. Agopian (UCLA, US) for providing details pertaining to the calculations of L-GrAFT scores.

Funding

The work was supported by the National Science and Technology Development Fund (MOST 109-2115-M-075 -001) of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan

    Shen-Chih Wang, Chien-Kun Ting & Yu-Ting Lin

  2. School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan

    Shen-Chih Wang, Chien-Kun Ting, Cheng-Yen Chen, Chinsu Liu, Niang-Cheng Lin, Che-Chuan Loong & Yu-Ting Lin

  3. Division of Transplantation Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan

    Cheng-Yen Chen, Chinsu Liu, Niang-Cheng Lin & Che-Chuan Loong

  4. Department of Mathematics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA

    Hau-Tieng Wu

  5. Department of Statistical Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA

    Hau-Tieng Wu

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  1. Shen-Chih Wang
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Contributions

S-CW and Y-TL: proposed the concept of this study. S-CW, C-YC, CL, N-CL, C-CL and Y-TL: collected the clinical data. H-TW and Y-TL: analyzed the arterial blood waveform data. S-CW, Y-TL and H-TW: wrote the main manuscipt text. Y-TL: prepared Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. C-YC: prepared Table 1. C-KT and C-YC: helped construct the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Hau-Tieng Wu or Yu-Ting Lin.

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Wang, SC., Ting, CK., Chen, CY. et al. Arterial blood pressure waveform in liver transplant surgery possesses variability of morphology reflecting recipients’ acuity and predicting short term outcomes. J Clin Monit Comput 37, 1521–1531 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10877-023-01047-9

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