Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Infections in Infants with SCID: Isolation, Infection Screening, and Prophylaxis in PIDTC Centers

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Journal of Clinical Immunology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

A Correction to this article was published on 03 December 2020

This article has been updated

Abstract

Purpose

The Primary Immune Deficiency Treatment Consortium (PIDTC) enrolled children with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) in a prospective natural history study of hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) outcomes over the last decade. Despite newborn screening (NBS) for SCID, infections occurred prior to HSCT. This study’s objectives were to define the types and timing of infection prior to HSCT in patients diagnosed via NBS or by family history (FH) and to understand the breadth of strategies employed at PIDTC centers for infection prevention.

Methods

We analyzed retrospective data on infections and pre-transplant management in patients with SCID diagnosed by NBS and/or FH and treated with HSCT between 2010 and 2014. PIDTC centers were surveyed in 2018 to understand their practices and protocols for pre-HSCT management.

Results

Infections were more common in patients diagnosed via NBS (55%) versus those diagnosed via FH (19%) (p = 0.012). Outpatient versus inpatient management did not impact infections (47% vs 35%, respectively; p = 0.423). There was no consensus among PIDTC survey respondents as to the best setting (inpatient vs outpatient) for pre-HSCT management. While isolation practices varied, immunoglobulin replacement and antimicrobial prophylaxis were more uniformly implemented.

Conclusion

Infants with SCID diagnosed due to FH had lower rates of infection and proceeded to HSCT more quickly than did those diagnosed via NBS. Pre-HSCT management practices were highly variable between centers, although uses of prophylaxis and immunoglobulin support were more consistent. This study demonstrates a critical need for development of evidence-based guidelines for the pre-HSCT management of infants with SCID following an abnormal NBS.

Trial Registration

NCT01186913

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

Data Availability

Deidentified individual participant data will not be made available.

Change history

Abbreviations

CMV:

Cytomegalovirus

EBV:

Epstein–Barr virus

ERT:

Enzyme replacement therapy

FH:

Family history

GT:

Gene therapy

HSCT:

Hematopoietic stem cell transplant

MAC:

Myeloablative conditioning

NBS:

Newborn screening

PIDTC:

Primary Immunodeficiency Treatment Consortium

PPE:

Personal protective equipment

PPV:

Positive pressure ventilation

SCID:

Severe combined immunodeficiency

VOD:

Veno-occlusive disease

References

  1. Griffith LM, Cowan MJ, Kohn DB, Notarangelo LD, Puck JM, Schultz KR, et al. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for primary immune deficiency diseases: current status and critical needs. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2008;122(6):1087–96.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Griffith LM, Cowan MJ, Notarangelo LD, Puck JM, Buckley RH, Candotti F, et al. Improving cellular therapy for primary immune deficiency diseases: recognition, diagnosis, and management. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2009;124(6):1152–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Shearer WT, Dunn E, Notarangelo LD, Dvorak CC, Puck JM, Logan BR, et al. Establishing diagnostic criteria for severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), leaky SCID, and Omenn syndrome: the Primary Immune Deficiency Treatment Consortium experience. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014;133(4):1092–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Myers LA, Patel DD, Puck JM, Buckley RH. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for severe combined immunodeficiency in the neonatal period leads to superior thymic output and improved survival. Blood. 2002;99(3):872–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Kwan A, Abraham RS, Currier R, Brower A, Andruszewski K, Abbott JK, et al. Newborn screening for severe combined immunodeficiency in 11 screening programs in the United States. JAMA. 2014;312(7):729–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Dvorak CC, Cowan MJ, Logan BR, et al. The natural history of children with severe combined immunodeficiency: baseline features of the first fifty patients of the primary immune deficiency treatment consortium prospective study 6901. J Clin Immunol. 2013;33(7):1156–64.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Heimall J, Logan BR, Cowan MJ, Notarangelo LD, Griffith LM, Puck JM, et al. Immune reconstitution and survival of 100 SCID patients post-hematopoietic cell transplant: a PIDTC natural history study. Blood. 2017;130(25):2718–27.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Pai S-Y, Logan BR, Griffith LM, Buckley RH, Parrott RE, Dvorak CC, et al. Transplantation outcomes for severe combined immunodeficiency, 2000–2009. N Engl J Med. 2014;371(5):434–46.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Haddad E, Logan BR, Griffith LM, Buckley RH, Parrott RE, Prockop SE, et al. SCID genotype and 6-month posttransplant CD4 count predict survival and immune recovery. Blood. 2018;132(17):1737–49.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Dvorak CC, Puck JM, Wahlstrom JT, Dorsey M, Melton A, Cowan MJ. Neurologic event-free survival demonstrates a benefit for SCID patients diagnosed by newborn screening. Blood Adv. 2017;1(20):1694–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Brown L, Xu-Bayford J, Allwood Z, Slatter M, Cant A, Davies EG, et al. Neonatal diagnosis of severe combined immunodeficiency leads to significantly improved survival outcome: the case for newborn screening. Blood. 2011;117(11):3243–6.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Gaspar HB, Qasim W, Davies EG, Rao K, Amrolia PJ, Veys P. How I treat severe combined immunodeficiency. Blood. 2013;122(23):3749–58.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Kelty WJ, Beatty SA, Wu S, Hanson IC, Demmler-Harrison GJ, Martinez CA, et al. The role of breast-feeding in cytomegalovirus transmission and hematopoietic stem cell transplant outcomes in infants with severe combined immunodeficiency. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2019;7:2863–2865.e3.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Lanzieri TM, Dollard SC, Josephson CD, Schmid DS, Bialek SR. Breast milk–acquired cytomegalovirus infection and disease in VLBW and premature infants. Pediatrics. 2013;131(6):e1937–45.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Atkinson C, Walter S, Sharland M, Tookey P, Luck S, Peckham C, et al. Use of stored dried blood spots for retrospective diagnosis of congenital CMV. J Med Virol. 2009;81(8):1394–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Dergousoff BA, Vayalumkal JV, Wright NA. Survey of infection control precautions for patients with severe combined immune deficiency. J Clin Immunol. 2019;39(8):753–61.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Whitley RJ. The use of antiviral drugs during the neonatal period. Clin Perinatol. 2012;39(1):69–81.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Kimberlin DW, Jester PM, Sánchez PJ, Ahmed A, Arav-Boger R, Michaels MG, et al. Valganciclovir for symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus disease. N Engl J Med. 2015;372(10):933–43.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Verbsky J, Thakar M, Routes J. The Wisconsin Approach to newborn screening for severe combined immunodeficiency. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;129:622–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Kwan A, Church JA, Cowan MJ, et al. Newborn screening for SCID and T cell lymphopenia in California: results of the first 2 years. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013;132(1):140–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Dorsey MJ, Dvorak CC, Cowan MJ, Puck JM. Treatment of infants identified as having severe combined immunodeficiency by means of newborn screening. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017;139(3):733–42.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Amatuni GS, Currier RJ, Church JA, Bishop T, Grimbacher E, Nguyen AAC, et al. Newborn screening for severe combined immunodeficiency and T-cell lymphopenia in California, 2010-2017. Pediatrics. 2019;143(2):e20182300.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

Memoriam: The authors recognize the late Dr. William T. Shearer for his contribution to this and many studies of the PIDTC. We thank Catherine Chang, Tara Bani, and Elizabeth Dunn for project management and assistance.

Authorship Contributions

• Morna Dorsey, Nicola AM Wright, Natalia S. Chaimowitz, Blachy J Dávila Saldaña, Holly Miller, Michael D. Keller, Monica S. Thakar, and Ami J. Shah, MD, designed data collection instruments, collected data, carried out the initial analyses, drafted the initial manuscript, and reviewed and revised the final manuscript.

• Morton J Cowan, Rebecca H. Buckley, Christopher C. Dvorak, Elie Haddad, Donald B. Kohn, Luigi D. Notarangelo, Sung Yun Pai, Jennifer Puck, MD, Michael Pulsipher, and Jennifer Heimall conceptualized and designed the study, designed the data collection instruments, collected data, carried out the initial analyses, drafted the initial manuscript, and reviewed and revised the manuscript.

• Linda Griffith and Brent Logan conceptualized and designed the study, designed the data collection instruments, carried out data analyses, and reviewed and revised the manuscript.

• Rolla Abu-Arja, Jeffrey Andolina, Victor Aquino, JL Barnum, Jeffrey J. Bednarski, Monica Bhatia, Francisco A. Bonilla, Manish J. Butte, Nancy J Bunin, Sharat Chandra, Sonali Chaudhury, Karin Chen, Hey Chong, Geoff Cuvelier, MD, FRCPC, Jignesh Dalal, Magee L. DeFelice, Kenneth B. DeSantes, Lisa R Forbes, Alfred Gillio, Fred Goldman, Avni Y Joshi, Neena Kapoor, MD, Alan P. Knutsen, MD, Lisa Kobrynski, Jay A Lieberman, Jennifer W Leiding, Benjamin Oshrine, Kiran P. Patel, Susan Prockop, Troy C. Quigg, Ralph Quinones, Kirk R. Schultz, Christine Seroogy, David Shyr, Subhadra Siegel, Angela R. Smith, Troy R. Torgerson, Mark T. Vander Lugt, and Lolie C Yu collected data and critically reviewed the manuscript for important intellectual content.

• All authors approved the final manuscript as submitted and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

Funding

This work was supported by the Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID); and the Office of Rare Diseases Research (ORDR), National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD; Public Health Service grant/cooperative agreements U54-AI082973 (PIs: MJ Cowan; September 2019 forward JM Puck and DB Kohn), U54-NS064808 and U01-TR001263 (PI: JP Krischer), R13-AI094943 (PIs: MJ Cowan; March 2018 forward JM Puck), and the Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH. LD Notarangelo is supported by the Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH. The PIDTC is a part of the Rare Diseases Clinical Research Network (RDCRN) of ORDR, NCATS. Collaborative work of the PIDTC with the Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Consortium (PBMTC) is supported by the U54 grants above along with support of the PBMTC Operations Center by grant/cooperative agreement U10HL069254 (PI: MA Pulsipher, NHLBI/NCI) and a Johnny Cristopher Children’s Charitable Foundation St. Baldrick’s Consortium Grant. Collaborative work of the PIDTC with the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR) is supported by grant/cooperative agreement U24-CA76518 (PI: MM Horowitz) from the National Cancer Institute (NCI), NHLBI, and NIAID, NIH; and grant/cooperative agreement U01HL069294 from the NHLBI and NCI; contract HHSH250201200016C and HHSH234200637015C with the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA/DHHS); and grants N00014-13-1-0039 and N00014-14-1-0028 from the Office of Naval Research.

Author information

Author notes

  1. David Shyr

    Present address: Division of Stem Cell Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford Medicine, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Palo Alto, CA, USA

  2. Morna Dorsey and Nicola AM Wright contributed equally as co-first authors.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, & Bone Marrow Transplant, Benioff Children’s Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Morna J. Dorsey, Morton J. Cowan, Christopher C. Dvorak & Jennifer Puck

  2. Division of Hematology/Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children’s Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada

    Nicola A. M. Wright

  3. Section of Immunology, Allergy and Retrovirology, Department of Pediatrics, William T. Shearer Center for Human Immunobiology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA

    Natalia S. Chaimowitz

  4. Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA

    Blachy J. Dávila Saldaña

  5. Department of Pediatrics, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA

    Blachy J. Dávila Saldaña

  6. Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA

    Holly Miller

  7. Division of Allergy & Immunology, Children’s National Health System, and Division of Pediatrics, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA

    Michael D. Keller

  8. Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA

    Monica S. Thakar & Troy R. Torgerson

  9. Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Lucille Packard Children’s Hospital, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA

    Ami J. Shah

  10. Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA

    Rolla Abu-Arja

  11. Department of Pediatrics, Golisano Children’s Hospital, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA

    Jeffrey Andolina

  12. University of Texas, Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA

    Victor Aquino

  13. UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    J. L. Barnum & Hey Chong

  14. Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA

    Jeffrey J. Bednarski

  15. Pediatric Stem Cell Transplant Columbia, University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA

    Monica Bhatia

  16. Northeast Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (private practice), Leominster, MA, USA

    Francisco A. Bonilla

  17. Division of Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Manish J. Butte

  18. Cellular Therapy and Transplant Section, Division of Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Nancy J. Bunin

  19. Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA

    Sharat Chandra

  20. Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA

    Sharat Chandra

  21. Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, Stem Cell Transplantation, Ann & Robert H Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA

    Sonali Chaudhury

  22. Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA

    Karin Chen

  23. Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, CancerCare Manitoba, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

    Geoffrey D. E. Cuvelier

  24. Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplant, Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, OH, USA

    Jignesh Dalal

  25. Division of Allergy and Immunology, Nemours/AI duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA

    Magee L. DeFelice

  26. Division of Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine, Madison, WI, USA

    Kenneth B. DeSantes

  27. William T Shearer Center for Human Immunobiology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA

    Lisa R. Forbes

  28. Joseph M Sanzari’s Childrens Hospital, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA

    Alfred Gillio

  29. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA

    Fred Goldman

  30. Pediatric and Adult Allergy/Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA

    Avni Y. Joshi

  31. Section of Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Neena Kapoor & Michael A. Pulsipher

  32. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Cardinal Glennon Children’s Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA

    Alan P. Knutsen

  33. Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University Department of Pediatrics, Allergy and Immunology, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Lisa Kobrynski

  34. Department of Pediatrics, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA

    Jay A. Lieberman

  35. Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL, USA

    Jennifer W. Leiding

  36. Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital, Cancer and Blood Disorders Institute, St. Petersburg, FL, USA

    Jennifer W. Leiding & Benjamin Oshrine

  37. Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Kiran P. Patel

  38. Department of Pediatrics, Bone Marrow Transplant Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA

    Susan Prockop

  39. Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Methodist Children’s Hospital, San Antonio, TX, USA

    Troy C. Quigg

  40. Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA

    Ralph Quinones

  41. Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, BC Children’s Hospital and Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

    Kirk R. Schultz

  42. University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA

    Christine Seroogy

  43. Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Primary Children’s Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT, USA

    David Shyr

  44. Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Immunology and Sleep Medicine, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY, USA

    Subhadra Siegel

  45. Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA

    Angela R. Smith

  46. Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

    Mark T. Vander Lugt

  47. Division of Heme-Onc/HSCT, Children’s Hospital/LSUHSC, New Orleans, LA, USA

    Lolie C. Yu

  48. Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics and Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA

    Rebecca H. Buckley

  49. Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA

    Linda M. Griffith

  50. Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology Division, CHU Sainte-Justine, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Disease, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada

    Elie Haddad

  51. Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Donald B. Kohn

  52. Division of Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA

    Brent Logan

  53. Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA

    Luigi D. Notarangelo

  54. Division of Hematology-Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

    Sung-Yun Pai

  55. Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA

    Sung-Yun Pai

  56. Division of Allergy and Immunology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Wood 3301, 3401 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA

    Jennifer Heimall

Authors
  1. Morna J. Dorsey
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Nicola A. M. Wright
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Natalia S. Chaimowitz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Blachy J. Dávila Saldaña
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Holly Miller
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Michael D. Keller
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Monica S. Thakar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Ami J. Shah
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Rolla Abu-Arja
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. Jeffrey Andolina
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  11. Victor Aquino
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  12. J. L. Barnum
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  13. Jeffrey J. Bednarski
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  14. Monica Bhatia
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  15. Francisco A. Bonilla
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  16. Manish J. Butte
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  17. Nancy J. Bunin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  18. Sharat Chandra
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  19. Sonali Chaudhury
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  20. Karin Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  21. Hey Chong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  22. Geoffrey D. E. Cuvelier
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  23. Jignesh Dalal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  24. Magee L. DeFelice
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  25. Kenneth B. DeSantes
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  26. Lisa R. Forbes
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  27. Alfred Gillio
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  28. Fred Goldman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  29. Avni Y. Joshi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  30. Neena Kapoor
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  31. Alan P. Knutsen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  32. Lisa Kobrynski
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  33. Jay A. Lieberman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  34. Jennifer W. Leiding
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  35. Benjamin Oshrine
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  36. Kiran P. Patel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  37. Susan Prockop
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  38. Troy C. Quigg
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  39. Ralph Quinones
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  40. Kirk R. Schultz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  41. Christine Seroogy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  42. David Shyr
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  43. Subhadra Siegel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  44. Angela R. Smith
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  45. Troy R. Torgerson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  46. Mark T. Vander Lugt
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  47. Lolie C. Yu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  48. Morton J. Cowan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  49. Rebecca H. Buckley
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  50. Christopher C. Dvorak
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  51. Linda M. Griffith
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  52. Elie Haddad
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  53. Donald B. Kohn
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  54. Brent Logan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  55. Luigi D. Notarangelo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  56. Sung-Yun Pai
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  57. Jennifer Puck
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  58. Michael A. Pulsipher
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  59. Jennifer Heimall
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jennifer Heimall.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Disclaimer

The content and opinions expressed are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not represent the official policy or position of the NIAID, ORDR, NCATS, NIH, HRSA, or any other agency of the US government.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Electronic Supplementary Material

ESM 1

(DOCX 13 kb).

ESM 2

(PDF 51 kb).

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Dorsey, M.J., Wright, N.A.M., Chaimowitz, N.S. et al. Infections in Infants with SCID: Isolation, Infection Screening, and Prophylaxis in PIDTC Centers. J Clin Immunol 41, 38–50 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10875-020-00865-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10875-020-00865-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation