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The Prevalances and Patient Characteristics of Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases in Turkey—Two Centers Study

Journal of Clinical Immunology volume 33, pages 74–83 (2013)Cite this article

Abstract

Purpose

Primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) are inherited disorders of the immune system resulting in increased susceptibility to unusual infections and predisposition to autoimmunity and malignancies. The European Society for Immunodeficiencies (ESID) has developed an internet-based database for clinical and research data on patients with PID. This study aimed to provide a minimum estimate of the prevalence of each disorder and to determine the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with PID in Turkey.

Methods

Clinical features of 1435 patients with primary immunodeficiency disorders are registered in ESID Online Patient Registry by the Pediatric Immunology Departments of the Medical Faculties of Uludag University and Ege University Between 2004 and 2010. These two centers are the major contributors reporting PID patients to ESID database from Turkey.

Results

Predominantly antibody immunodeficiency (73.5 %) was the most common category followed by autoinflammatory disorders (13.3 %), other well defined immunodeficiencies (5.5 %), congenital defects of phagocyte number, function or both 3.5 %), combined T and B cell immunodeficiencies (2 %), defects in innate immunity (1 %), and diseases of immune dysregulation (0.7 %). Patients between 0 and 18 years of age constitued 94 % of total and the mean age was 9.2 ± 6 years. The consanguinity rate within the registered patients was 14.3 % (188 of 1130 patients). The prevalance of all PID cases ascertained from the registry was 30.5/100.000. The major cause of the mortality was severe infection which was seen in forty-two of seventy five deceased patients. The highest mortality was observed in patients with severe combined immunodeficiencies and ataxia-telangiectasia.

Conclusion

Promoting the awareness of PID among the medical professionals and the general public is required if premature death and serious morbidity occurs due to late diagnosis of the wider spectrum of PID are to be avoided.

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Acknowledgements

We are thankful to Benjamin Gathmann for his help on providing access to our ESID registry data.

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Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatric Immunology, Uludag University School of Medicine, Görükle, Bursa, Turkey, 16059

    Sara S. Kilic, Mustafa Ozel & Demet Hafizoglu

  2. Department of Pediatric Immunology, Ege University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey

    Neslihan Edeer Karaca, Guzide Aksu & Necil Kutukculer

Authors
  1. Sara S. Kilic
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  2. Mustafa Ozel
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  3. Demet Hafizoglu
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  4. Neslihan Edeer Karaca
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  5. Guzide Aksu
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  6. Necil Kutukculer
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Correspondence to Sara S. Kilic.

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Kilic, S.S., Ozel, M., Hafizoglu, D. et al. The Prevalances and Patient Characteristics of Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases in Turkey—Two Centers Study. J Clin Immunol 33, 74–83 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10875-012-9763-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10875-012-9763-3

Keywords

  • Registry
  • ESID
  • online database
  • primary immunodeficiency
  • Turkey