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The Penn State Worry Questionnaire—Past Day: Development and Validation of a Measure Assessing Daily Levels of Worry

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Abstract

Based on the widely used Penn State Worry Questionnaire for trait worry, a scale was developed to measure the level of worry experienced during the past 24 h. This instrument, the Penn State Worry Questionnaire—Past Day (PSWQ-PD), was administered to a student sample and two clinical samples. The PSWQ-PD demonstrated high internal consistency, good convergent validity and adequate test-retest reliability. A confirmatory factor analysis revealed that a unifactorial solution provided the best fit. Moreover, it was shown that the PSWQ-PD is a more state-like worry measure than the original PSWQ. The PSWQ-PD is a promising, brief tool for daily worry assessment, which is apt for frequent administration.

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Notes

  1. Confirmatory factor analyses on PSWQ-PD scores in both clinical samples separately yielded similar results.

  2. This index was calculated using the internal consistency reliability (α) of the selected sample at both assessment moments. Using the internal consistency reliability of the whole group (student sample or sample 3) for the first assessment moment yielded the same result in the student sample and similar results (μa = .48) in sample 3.

  3. To compare two dependent correlations, the common N after listwise deletion was used, in this case N = 310.

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Acknowledgements

Els Joos is research assistant for the Research Foundation—Flanders (FWO-Vlaanderen). The research was supported by GOA funding (GOA/2007/03; 3H051018) and by K.U.Leuven Center of Excellence on Generalization Research (GRIP*TT; PF/10/005). The authors would like to thank Leen Gielen en Mia Van Broekhoven for their assistance in collecting the data.

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  1. Department of Psychology, University of Leuven, Tiensestraat 102, box 3712, 3000, Leuven, Belgium

    Els Joos, Debora Vansteenwegen & Dirk Hermans

  2. University Hospitals Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

    Els Brunfaut & Koen Demyttenaere

  3. University Psychiatric Centre, University of Leuven, Kortenberg, Belgium

    Tim Bastiaens & Guido Pieters

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  1. Els Joos
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Correspondence to Els Joos.

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The PSWQ-PD can be obtained on request by contacting the senior author (dirk.hermans@ppw.kuleuven.be).

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Joos, E., Vansteenwegen, D., Brunfaut, E. et al. The Penn State Worry Questionnaire—Past Day: Development and Validation of a Measure Assessing Daily Levels of Worry. J Psychopathol Behav Assess 34, 35–47 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-011-9265-2

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