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Broadband homonuclear TOCSY with amplitude and phase-modulated RF mixing schemes

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Abstract

We have explored the design of broadband scalar coupling mediated 13C–13C and cross-relaxation suppressed 1H–1H TOCSY sequences employing phase/amplitude modulated inversion pulses. Considering a variety of supercycles, pulsewidths and a RF field strength of 10 kHz, the Fourier coefficients defining the amplitude and phase modulation profiles of the 180° pulses were optimised numerically so as to obtain efficient magnetisation transfer within the desired range of resonance offsets. The coherence transfer characteristics of the mixing schemes were assessed via numerical simulations and experimental measurements and were compared with commonly used sequences based on rectangular RF pulses. The efficacies of the clean 1H–1H TOCSY sequences were also examined via numerical simulations for application to weakly oriented systems and sequences with efficient, broadband and clean dipolar transfer characteristics were identified. In general, the amplitude and phase modulated TOCSY sequences presented here have moderately better performance characteristics than the sequences currently employed in biomolecular NMR spectroscopy.

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Acknowledgements

The FLI is a member of the Science Association ‘Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz’ (WGL) and is financially supported by the Federal Government of Germany and the State of Thuringia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Group Biomolecular NMR spectroscopy, Leibniz Institute for Age Research, Fritz Lipmann Institute, 07745, Jena, Germany

    Anika Kirschstein, Christian Herbst, Kerstin Riedel, Michela Carella, Jörg Leppert, Oliver Ohlenschläger, Matthias Görlach & Ramadurai Ramachandran

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  1. Anika Kirschstein
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  2. Christian Herbst
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  3. Kerstin Riedel
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  4. Michela Carella
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  5. Jörg Leppert
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  6. Oliver Ohlenschläger
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  7. Matthias Görlach
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  8. Ramadurai Ramachandran
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Correspondence to Ramadurai Ramachandran.

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Kirschstein, A., Herbst, C., Riedel, K. et al. Broadband homonuclear TOCSY with amplitude and phase-modulated RF mixing schemes. J Biomol NMR 40, 227–237 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10858-008-9225-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10858-008-9225-7

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