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M-keratin nano-materials create a mineralized micro-circumstance to promote proliferation and differentiation of DPSCs

  • Tissue Engineering Constructs and Cell Substrates
  • Original Research
  • Published:
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Abstract

As traditional root canal obturation leads to the loss of the biological activity of the tooth, it is necessary to develop a material that promotes the regeneration of dental tissue. However, this remains a challenging task. Our study aims to construct a mineralized material to support the proliferation and differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), and to explore a new strategy for the treatment of pulp tissue necrosis. Mineralized keratin (M-keratin), defined as keratin that has been mineralized in simulated body fluid, was first harvested to construct the root canal filling material. Characterizations indicated that new substances or components were formed on the surface of keratin particles after mineralization, and the morphology of the keratin was changed. M-keratin promoted the growth, proliferation, and differentiation of DPSCs. After cultivation with M-keratin, DPSCs exhibited more extracellular matrix proteins interacting with the culture interface, the number of these cells increased significantly, and the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl-]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide values of cells in the experimental group also increased. Meanwhile, signs that the DPSCs began to differentiate into odontoblasts were observed or detected by alizarin red S staining, ELISA, RNA-Seq, and western blot. We hope that this study will contribute to the development of a new material that promotes the regeneration of dental tissue as well as providing new ideas and strategies for the treatment of dental pulp disease.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51672276), Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2019A1515110747), and College Students’ Innovative Entrepreneurial Training Program (S201911847083).

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  1. These authors contributed equally: Wu-Ya Chen, Xia Li

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Foshan Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, 528225, PR China

    Wu-Ya Chen, Xia Li, Yingying Feng, Siqi Lin, Liwang Peng & Dahong Huang

  2. Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Digital Stomatology, Foshan, 528225, PR China

    Wu-Ya Chen, Xia Li, Yingying Feng, Siqi Lin, Liwang Peng & Dahong Huang

  3. Foshan Engineering Research Center of Stomatology, Foshan, 528225, PR China

    Wu-Ya Chen, Xia Li, Yingying Feng, Siqi Lin, Liwang Peng & Dahong Huang

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  1. Wu-Ya Chen
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Chen, WY., Li, X., Feng, Y. et al. M-keratin nano-materials create a mineralized micro-circumstance to promote proliferation and differentiation of DPSCs. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 31, 124 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-020-06465-8

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