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Apatite formation and bacterial growth on raw silk fabric heated in argon gas

  • Biomaterials Synthesis and Characterization
  • Original Research
  • Published:
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Abstract

Raw silk has the potential to be a flexible, osteoconductive material because it forms bone-like apatite on its surface in acellular simulated body fluid with ion concentrations nearly 1.5 times greater than that of human plasma (1.5SBF). It has been reported that silk—which has many similarities to raw silk—develops antibacterial properties when heated in inert gas, which may be advantageous in preventing bacterial infection. Hence, raw silk heated in inert gas may be a flexible, osteoconductive material with antibacterial activity. Thus, we examined the effect of the heat treatment of raw silk fabric on its apatite-forming ability in 1.5SBF and on the growth of Escherichia coli. Raw silk fabric was heated in argon gas at several temperatures, to a maximum of 500 °C. The results of soaking tests in 1.5SBF indicate that the apatite-forming ability of raw silk decreases with increasing temperature. This may be because favourable structures for apatite formation, such as carboxyl groups, are thermally decomposed. The results of bacterial tests indicate that raw silk fabrics heated to 300 °C or 500 °C exhibit reduced bacterial growth compared to those that were not heated or were heated only to 100 °C. This might be because hydrophobic surfaces inhibit bacterial adhesion, or because the thermal decomposition of sericin—a component of raw silk—leads to a lack of available nutrients for the bacteria. Although this study did not demonstrate the expected material properties needed for clinical applications, this research contributes to a better understanding of silk biomaterials.

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Acknowledgements

This research was partially supported by a research grant from the Division for Interdisciplinary Advanced Research and Education of Tohoku University.

Funding

This research was partially supported by a research grant from the Division for Interdisciplinary Advanced Research and Education of Tohoku University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-12 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan

    Hiroki Chigama & Hiroyasu Kanetaka

  2. Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan

    Hiroki Chigama, Taishi Yokoi & Masakazu Kawashita

  3. Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan

    Maiko Furuya, Kotone Yokota & Hiroyasu Kanetaka

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  1. Hiroki Chigama
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Contributions

HC made substantial contributions to the conception of the work, the acquisition, analysis, interpretation of data, and writing the paper. TY revised it critically for important intellectual content. MF, KY and HK made contributions to the conception of the antibacterial test and the interpretation of the data. MK made contributions to the conception of the work, interpretation of data, and revising it critically for important intellectual content. All authors approved the final paper and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.

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Correspondence to Hiroki Chigama.

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Chigama, H., Yokoi, T., Furuya, M. et al. Apatite formation and bacterial growth on raw silk fabric heated in argon gas. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 31, 49 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-020-06388-4

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