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In vitro comparison of the efficacy of TGF-β1 and PDGF-BB in combination with freeze-dried bone allografts for induction of osteogenic differentiation in MG-63 osteoblast-like cells

  • Clinical Applications of Biomaterials
  • Original Research
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Abstract

Predictable regeneration of alveolar bone defects has always been a challenge in implant dentistry. Bone allografts are widely used bone substitutes with controversial osteoinductive activity. This in vitro study aimed to assess the osteogenic potential of some commercially available freeze-dried bone allografts supplemented with human recombinant platelet-derived growth factor-BB and transforming growth factor beta-1. Cell viability, mineralization, and osteogenic gene expression of MG-63 osteoblast-like cells were compared among the allograft alone, allograft/platelet-derived growth factor-BB, allograft/transforming growth factor beta-1, and allograft/platelet-derived growth factor-BB/transforming growth factor beta-1 groups. The methyl thiazol tetrazolium assay, real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and alizarin red staining were performed, respectively, for assessment of cell viability, differentiation, and mineralization at 24–72 h post treatment. The allograft with greater cytotoxic effect on MG-63 cells caused the lowest differentiation among the groups. In comparison with allograft alone, allograft/transforming growth factor beta-1, and allograft/transforming growth factor beta-1/platelet-derived growth factor-BB caused significant upregulation of bone sialoprotein and osteocalcin osteogenic mid-late marker genes, and resulted in significantly higher amounts of calcified nodules especially in mineralized non-cytotoxic allograft group. Supplementation of platelet-derived growth factor-BB alone in 5 ng/mL concentration had no significant effect on differentiation or mineralization markers. According to the results, transforming growth factor beta-1 acts synergistically with bone allografts to enhance the osteogenic differentiation potential. Therefore, this combination may be useful for rapid transformation of undifferentiated cells into bone-forming cells for bone regeneration. However, platelet-derived growth factor-BB supplementation did not support this synergistic ability to enhance osteogenic differentiation and thus, further investigations are required.

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Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported by “Tissue Regeneration Corporation” Company (http://www.trcir.com/). The authors thank the “Molecular and Cellular Oral Biology” laboratory (Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences) for providing technical support for this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Surena Vahabi & Azadeh Esmaeil Nejad

  2. Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Maryam Torshabi

  3. Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Maryam Torshabi

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  1. Surena Vahabi
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Correspondence to Maryam Torshabi.

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Vahabi, S., Torshabi, M. & Esmaeil Nejad, A. In vitro comparison of the efficacy of TGF-β1 and PDGF-BB in combination with freeze-dried bone allografts for induction of osteogenic differentiation in MG-63 osteoblast-like cells. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 27, 182 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-016-5802-6

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