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A novel injectable borate bioactive glass cement for local delivery of vancomycin to cure osteomyelitis and regenerate bone

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Abstract

Osteomyelitis (bone infection) is often difficult to cure. The commonly-used treatment of surgical debridement to remove the infected bone combined with prolonged systemic and local antibiotic treatment has limitations. In the present study, an injectable borate bioactive glass cement was developed as a carrier for the antibiotic vancomycin, characterized in vitro, and evaluated for its capacity to cure osteomyelitis in a rabbit tibial model. The cement (initial setting time = 5.8 ± 0.6 min; compressive strength = 25.6 ± 0.3 MPa) released vancomycin over ~25 days in phosphate-buffered saline, during which time the borate glass converted to hydroxyapatite (HA). When implanted in rabbit tibial defects infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-induced osteomyelitis, the vancomycin-loaded cement converted to HA and supported new bone formation in the defects within 8 weeks. Osteomyelitis was cured in 87 % of the defects implanted with the vancomycin-loaded borate glass cement, compared to 71 % for the defects implanted with vancomycin-loaded calcium sulfate cement. The injectable borate bioactive glass cement developed in this study is a promising treatment for curing osteomyelitis and for regenerating bone in the defects following cure of the infection.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China through the Project 51072133, 51372170, 81000788, and 81201377, and by the Shanghai Science Committee through the Project 12JC1408500.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Bioengineering & Information Technology Materials, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China

    Xu Cui, Yifei Gu, Le Li, Hui Wang, Wenhai Huang, Nai Zhou & Deping Wang

  2. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital, Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200233, China

    Cunju Zhao, Yi Zhu, Jun Xu & Changqing Zhang

  3. Department of Traumatology, RuiJing Hospital, Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200025, China

    Shihua Luo

  4. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Center for Bone and Tissue Repair and Regenerating, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, 65409-0340, USA

    Mohamed N. Rahaman

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  1. Xu Cui
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Correspondence to Wenhai Huang or Mohamed N. Rahaman.

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Cui, X., Zhao, C., Gu, Y. et al. A novel injectable borate bioactive glass cement for local delivery of vancomycin to cure osteomyelitis and regenerate bone. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 25, 733–745 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-013-5122-z

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