Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Liquid phase deposited titania coating to enable in vitro apatite formation on Ti6Al4V alloy

  • Published:
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A recently developed “GRAPE® technology” provides titanium or titanium alloy implants with spontaneous apatite-forming ability in vitro, which requires properly designed gaps and optimum heat treatment in air. In this study, titanium alloy and commercially pure (cp) titanium substrates were thermally oxidized in air before aligning pairs of specimens in the GRAPE® set-up, i.e., titanium alloy and cp titanium substrates were aligned parallel to each other with optimum gap width (spatial design). A liquid phase deposition (LPD) technique was employed for titania coatings on titanium alloy substrate. Then, they were soaked in Kokubo’s simulated body fluid (SBF, pH 7.4, 36.5 °C) for 7 days to confirm the in vitro apatite formation on the substrates under the specific spatial design. Anatase-type titania coatings fabricated by using LPD technique led to the deposition of apatite particles within 7 days and showed apatite X-ray diffraction. On the other hand, thermally oxidized titanium alloy substrate in air and non-treated specimens did not show any apatite X-ray diffraction. These results indicated that the heterogeneous nucleation of apatite induced on anatase-type titania coating prepared by LPD technique when it was aligned parallel to thermally oxidized cp titanium substrate with optimum gap width.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Duan K, Wang R. Surface modifications of bone implants through wet chemistry. J Mater Chem. 2006;16(24):2309–21.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Rohanizadeh R, Al-Sadeq M, LeGeros RZ. Preparation of different forms of titanium oxide on titanium surface: effects on apatite deposition. J Biomed Mater Res. 2004;71A(2):343–52.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Liu X, Zhao X, Fu RKY, Ho JPY, Ding C, Chu PK. Plasma-treated nanostructured TiO2 surface supporting biomimetic growth of apatite. Biomaterials. 2005;26(31):6143–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Uchida M, Kim H-M, Kokubo T, Fujibayashi S, Nakamura T. Structure dependence of apatite formation on titania gels in a stimulated body fluid. J Biomed Mater Res. 2003;64A(1):167–70.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Wang X–X, Hayakawa S, Tsuru K, Osaka A. Bioactive titania gel layers formed by chemical treatment of Ti substrate with a H2O2/HCl solution. Biomaterials. 2002;23(5):1353–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Wu J-M, Hayakawa S, Tsuru K, Osaka A. Low-temperature preparation of anatase and rutile layers on titanium substrates and their ability to ınduce in vitro apatite deposition. J Am Ceram Soc. 2004;87(9):1635–42.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Sugino A, Uetsuki K, Tsuru K, Hayakawa S, Osaka A, Ohtsuki C. Surface topography designed to provide osteoconductivity to titanium after thermal oxidation. Mater Trans. 2008;49(3):428–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Sugino A, Ohtsuki C, Tsuru K, Hayakawa S, Nakano T, Okazaki Y, Osaka A. Effect of spatial design and thermal oxidation on apatite formation on Ti–15Zr–4Ta–4Nb alloy. Acta Biomater. 2009;5(1):298–304.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Sugino A, Tsuru K, Hayakawa S, Kikuta K, Kawachi G, Osaka A, Ohtsuki C. Induced deposition of bone-like hydroxyapatite on thermally oxidized titanium substrates using a spatial gap in a solution that mimics a body fluid. J Ceram Soc Japan. 2009;117(4):515–20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Nakao Y, Sugino A, Tsuru K, Uetsuki K, Shirosaki Y, Hayakawa S, Osaka A. Enhancement of apatite-forming ability of parallely aligned Ti-substrates with optimum gaps by autoclaving. J Ceram Soc Japan. 2010;118(6):483–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Kokubo T, Takadama H. How useful is SBF in predicting in vivo bone bioactivity? Biomaterials. 2006;27(15):2907–15.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Li P, Ohtsuki C, Kokubo T, Nakanishi K, Soga N, de Groot K. The role of hydrated silica, titania, and alumina in inducing apatite on implants. J Biomed Mater Res. 1994;28(1):7–15.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Uetsuki K, Kaneda H, Shirosaki Y, Hayakawa S, Osaka A. Effects of UV-irradiation on in vitro apatite-forming ability of TiO2 layers. Mater Sci Eng, B. 2010;173(1-3):213–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Uetsuki K, Nakai S, Shirosaki Y, Hayakawa S, Osaka A. Nucleation and growth of apatite on an anatase layer irradiated with UV light under different environmental conditions. J Biomed Mater Res. 2013;101A(3):712–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Masuda Y, Kato K. Liquid-phase patterning and microstructure of anatase TiO2 films on SnO2:f substrates using superhydrophilic surface. Chem Mater. 2008;20(3):1057–63.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Shozui T, Tsuru K, Hayakawa S, Osaka A. In vitro apatite-forming ability of titania fims depends on their substrates. Key Eng Mater. 2007;330–332:633–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Shozui T, Tsuru K, Hayakawa S, Shirosaki Y, Osaka A. XPS study on potential suppression factors of suppressing in vitro apatite formation on anatase films prepared on various substrates. Surf Coat Technol. 2009;203(16):2181–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Kim T, Suzuki M, Ohtsuki C, Masuda K, Tamai H, Watanabe E, Osaka A, Moriya H. Enhancement of bone growth in titanium fiber mesh by surface modification with hydrogen peroxide solution containing tantalum chloride. J Biomed Mater Res Part B. 2003;64B(1):19–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This study was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan

    Satoshi Hayakawa, Keigo Okamoto & Akiyoshi Osaka

  2. National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2266-98 Anagahora, Shimoshidami, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya, 463-8560, Japan

    Yoshitake Masuda & Kazumi Kato

  3. Frontier Research Academy, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, 808-0196, Japan

    Yuki Shirosaki

Authors
  1. Satoshi Hayakawa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yoshitake Masuda
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Keigo Okamoto
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Yuki Shirosaki
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Kazumi Kato
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Akiyoshi Osaka
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Satoshi Hayakawa.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Hayakawa, S., Masuda, Y., Okamoto, K. et al. Liquid phase deposited titania coating to enable in vitro apatite formation on Ti6Al4V alloy. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 25, 375–381 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-013-5078-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-013-5078-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation