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1,4-Dioxane enhances properties and biocompatibility of polyanionic collagen for tissue engineering applications

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Abstract

Polyanionic collagen obtained from bovine pericardial tissue submitted to alkaline hydrolysis is an acellular matrix with strong potential in tissue engineering. However, increasing the carboxyl content reduces fibril formation and thermal stability compared to the native tissues. In the present work, we propose a chemical protocol based on the association of alkaline hydrolysis with 1,4-dioxane treatment to either attenuate or revert the drastic structural modifications promoted by alkaline treatments. For the characterization of the polyanionic membranes treated with 1,4-dioxane, we found that (1) scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows a stronger reorientation and aggregation of collagen microfibrils; (2) histological evaluation reveals recovering of the alignment of collagen fibers and reassociation with elastic fibers; (3) differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) shows an increase in thermal stability; and (4) in biocompatibility assays there is a normal attachment, morphology and proliferation associated with high survival of the mouse fibroblast cell line NIH3T3 in reconstituted membranes, which behave as native membranes. Our conclusions reinforce the ability of 1,4-dioxane to enhance the properties of negatively charged polyanionic collagen associated with its potential use as biomaterials for grafting, cationic drug- or cell-delivery systems and for the coating of cardiovascular devices.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by grants from FAPESP (Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo) and CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico). The authors thank E. Biazin and G. D. Broch for technical assistance and Prof. Dr. Hugo A. Armelin, from IQ-USP, for the cellular biocompatibility assays performed in his laboratory. We also thank Prof. Dr. Shaker Chuck Farah, Prof. Dr. Mauricio da Silva Baptista and Prof. Dr. Deborah Schechtman for critically reading the manuscript and offering welcome suggestions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Bioquimica, Instituto de Quimica, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, CEP 05508-900, Brazil

    Fabio L. Forti

  2. Departamento de Quimica e Fisica Molecular, Instituto de Quimica de Sao Carlos, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, CEP 13560-970, Brazil

    Marcos R. Bet, Gilberto Goissis & Ana M. G. Plepis

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  1. Fabio L. Forti
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  2. Marcos R. Bet
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  3. Gilberto Goissis
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  4. Ana M. G. Plepis
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Correspondence to Fabio L. Forti.

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Forti, F.L., Bet, M.R., Goissis, G. et al. 1,4-Dioxane enhances properties and biocompatibility of polyanionic collagen for tissue engineering applications. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 22, 1901–1912 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-011-4358-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-011-4358-8

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