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Biomorphous porous hydroxyapatite-ceramics from rattan (Calamus Rotang)

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Abstract

The three-dimensional, highly oriented pore channel anatomy of native rattan (Calamus rotang) was used as a template to fabricate biomorphous hydroxyapatite (Ca5(PO4)3OH) ceramics designed for bone regeneration scaffolds. A low viscous hydroxyapatite-sol was prepared from triethyl phosphite and calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and repeatedly vacuum infiltrated into the native template. The template was subsequently pyrolysed at 800°C to form a biocarbon replica of the native tissue. Heat treatment at 1,300°C in air atmosphere caused oxidation of the carbon skeleton and sintering of the hydroxyapatite. SEM analysis confirmed detailed replication of rattan anatomy. Porosity of the samples measured by mercury porosimetry showed a multimodal pore size distribution in the range of 300 nm to 300 μm. Phase composition was determined by XRD and FT-IR revealing hydroxyapatite as the dominant phase with minimum fractions of CaO and Ca3(PO4)2. The biomorphous scaffolds with a total porosity of 70–80% obtained a compressive strength of 3–5 MPa in axial direction and 1–2 MPa in radial direction of the pore channel orientation. Bending strength was determined in a coaxial double ring test resulting in a maximum bending strength of ~2 MPa.

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Acknowledgement

The authors greatfully acknowledge the EU commission for the financial support under the FP6 number NMP4-CT-2006-033277.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science (Glass and Ceramics), University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Henkestr. 91, 91052, Erlangen, Germany

    Christiane Eichenseer, Julia Will, Markus Rampf, Süsen Wend & Peter Greil

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  1. Christiane Eichenseer
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  2. Julia Will
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  3. Markus Rampf
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  5. Peter Greil
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Correspondence to Julia Will.

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Eichenseer, C., Will, J., Rampf, M. et al. Biomorphous porous hydroxyapatite-ceramics from rattan (Calamus Rotang). J Mater Sci: Mater Med 21, 131–137 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-009-3857-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-009-3857-3

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