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In vivo evaluation of composites of PLGA and apatite with two different levels of crystallinity

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Abstract

The cortical bone response towards poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (70/30) (PLGA) (70/30)/apatite complex scaffolds with different levels of crystallinity was investigated. Apatite with different levels of crystallinity, Ca-deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA), which has a low crystallinity, and a mixture of carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA) and CDHA, which has a higher crystallinity, were prepared from an aqueous mixture of Ca-EDTA complex, H2O2, H3PO4, and NH4OH. Two porous PLGA(70/30)/apatite composite scaffolds, composite scaffold A (containing low crystallinity CDHA) and composite scaffold B (containing the higher crystallinity CHA/CDHA mixture), were prepared. Afterwards, pure porous PLGA and the two composite scaffolds were implanted into the cortical bone of rabbit tibiae for 12 weeks. High-resolution microfocus X-ray computed tomography and histological examinations revealed a better bone response for composite scaffold A compared with PLGA and composite scaffold B. For composite scaffold A, the original bone defect was almost filled with new bone. Quantitative analysis revealed that composite scaffold A produced a significantly greater amount of new bone. The present study demonstrated that the level of apatite crystallinity influences bone response. A PLGA/apatite porous composite with a low level of apatite crystallinity shows promise as a bone substitute or scaffold material for bone tissue engineering.

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Acknowledgement

This work was partly supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C-19592260) from The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, a Grant for Supporting Project for Strategic Research by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, 2008–2012, and with the support of the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China (No. 2005CB5227074). The authors are also grateful Assistant professor Hiroyuki Okada (Department of Oral Pathology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo) for his help for histological observation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dental Biomaterials, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1, Sakaecho-nishi, Matsudo, Chiba, 271-8587, Japan

    Tohru Hayakawa

  2. Coordination Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Kogakuin University, 2665-1, Nakano, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0015, Japan

    Chihiro Mochizuki, Hiroki Hara & Mitsunobu Sato

  3. PPCL, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China

    Fei Yang, Hong Shen & Shenguo Wang

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  1. Tohru Hayakawa
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  2. Chihiro Mochizuki
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  3. Hiroki Hara
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  4. Fei Yang
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  5. Hong Shen
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  7. Mitsunobu Sato
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Correspondence to Tohru Hayakawa.

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Hayakawa, T., Mochizuki, C., Hara, H. et al. In vivo evaluation of composites of PLGA and apatite with two different levels of crystallinity. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 21, 251–258 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-009-3830-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-009-3830-1

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