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Sol-gel-derived TiO2–SiO2 implant coatings for direct tissue attachment. Part I: design, preparation and characterization

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Abstract

A series of sol-gel derived TiO2–SiO2 mixed oxide coatings were prepared by carefully controlling the process parameters to obtain silica-releasing coatings consisting of nanoparticles. These features are of paramount importance for enhanced cell adhesion and activation. To achieve both these goals the Ti-alkoxide and Si-alkoxide were first separately hydrolysed and the titania–silica mixed sol was further reacted before the dipping process to obtain the desired particle sizes resulting to the biologically favourable topographical features. Silica release was observed from all the prepared coatings and it was dependent on SiO2 amount added to the sols, i.e., the higher the added amount the higher the release. In addition, calcium phosphate was able to nucleate on the coatings. From the obtained SiO2 dissolution data, together with the detailed XPS peak analysis, the mixed oxide coatings are concluded to be chemically heterogeneous, consisting of TiO2 and SiO2 species most likely linked together by Ti–O–Si bonds. TiO2 is chemically stable making long-term implant coating possible and the desired nanoscale dimensions were well preserved although the composition was changed as a consequence of SiO2 dissolution under in vitro conditions.

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Acknowledgements

Dr J. Wolke from the University Medical Centre Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, is acknowledged for his assistance in the TF-XRD measurements. SA would like to thank the Graduate School of Materials Science, Turku, Finland, for financial support. This study was supported by the National Technology Agency, Finland (grant 40725/01).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomaterials Research, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 2, 20520, Turku, Finland

    Virpi Ääritalo, Mika Jokinen & Timo Peltola

  2. Department of Physical Chemistry, Åbo Akademi University, Porthansgatan 3-5, 20500, Turku, Finland

    Sami Areva & Mika Lindén

  3. Turku Centre for Biomaterials, Itäinen Pitkäkatu 4B, 20520, Turku, Finland

    Sami Areva, Mika Jokinen & Timo Peltola

Authors
  1. Virpi Ääritalo
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  2. Sami Areva
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  3. Mika Jokinen
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  4. Mika Lindén
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  5. Timo Peltola
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Correspondence to Sami Areva.

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Ääritalo, V., Areva, S., Jokinen, M. et al. Sol-gel-derived TiO2–SiO2 implant coatings for direct tissue attachment. Part I: design, preparation and characterization. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 18, 1863–1873 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-007-3062-1

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