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Physical, magnetic, morphological, and optical properties of isotropic magnetorheological elastomers with cobalt as fillers for assistive sensor devices applications

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Abstract

Cobalt particles are often used as fillers in magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) due to their potential advantages. This study aimed to assess the physical, morphological, magnetic, and optical properties of cobalt-based MRE (Co-MRE). To achieve this, several isotropic samples with different concentrations of cobalt and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) were created. Finite Element Method Magnetics (FEMM) 2D simulation software and a Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) were used to assess the magnetic properties. Morphological properties were observed with a Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) and physical properties were examined using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) and Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy were used to study the optical properties. FEMM 2D showed that 7 wt% of Co-MRE had the highest magnetic flux density. VSM indicated that 7 wt% of Co-MRE had the strongest magnetic saturation. Morphological properties revealed that 7 wt% of Co-MRE had a rougher surface than 0–5 wt%. XRD showed that 7 wt% of Co-MRE had more cobalt elements. UV–Vis indicated that 5 wt% of Co-MRE had a precise result with some noise. PL spectroscopy showed that 7 wt% of Co-MRE had a higher emission peak and a broader shape at 475–525 nm excitation wavelength, while 0 wt% had a broader shape graph at 550–600 nm. While these properties are beneficial, it is important to balance the sensitivity and elasticity of MRE for stable applications in assistive sensor devices.

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Acknowledgements

This research was fully funded by the Universiti Putra Malaysia, under Geran Putra-Inisiatif Putra Muda (GP-IPM) under vote number 9724800. The authors are grateful to the support staff who assisted in the characterization measurements and for the facilities provided by Universiti Putra Malaysia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

    Akmal Arif Nasruldin, Muhammad Kashfi Shabdin, Mohd Mustafa Awang Kechik, Chen Soo Kien, Lim Kean Pah, Abdul Halim Shaari & Muhammad Khalis Abdul Karim

  2. Superconductor and Thin Film Laboratory (STFL), Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

    Akmal Arif Nasruldin, Muhammad Kashfi Shabdin, Mohd Mustafa Awang Kechik, Chen Soo Kien, Lim Kean Pah & Abdul Halim Shaari

  3. Pattern Recognition and Robotics Automation Ikohza, Malaysia—Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Nurhazimah Nazmi

  4. Materials for Energy and Environmental Laboratory, Superconducting Materials, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 3 Chome-7-5 Toyosu, Koto, Tokyo, 135-8548, Japan

    Muralidhar Miryala

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  1. Akmal Arif Nasruldin
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Correspondence to Muhammad Kashfi Shabdin or Nurhazimah Nazmi.

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Nasruldin, A.A., Shabdin, M.K., Kechik, M.M.A. et al. Physical, magnetic, morphological, and optical properties of isotropic magnetorheological elastomers with cobalt as fillers for assistive sensor devices applications. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 35, 948 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-024-12698-y

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