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Dependence of the efficiency of ZnSnO3 nanopowder photocatalyst against Congo red on the sintering temperature of the as-prepared samples

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Abstract

The present study deals with the performance of ZnSnO3 nanopowder as a photocatalyst in degrading the Congo red (CR) dye. The samples were prepared by co-precipitation method and sintered at different temperatures. The size, specific surface area and morphology of the nanopowder depend on the sintering temperature. The sintering temperatures are selected depending upon Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA). Confirmation of the single phase crystalline structure is done using Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). FESEM and TEM micrographs provide information on the morphology. The surface area was estimated by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis and the band gap energy by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis). The photoluminescence (PL) spectra confirm the existence of oxygen vacancies. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was performed to identify the functional groups. Raman spectroscopy was used to identify the vibrational modes. The study shows that the photocatalytic efficiency increases with increasing sintering temperature. The electron scavenger H2O2 increases the degradation rate. The catalyst is very stable, as confirmed by the cyclic stability test.

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Acknowledgements

One of the authors (MK) thankfully acknowledges UGC for granting her fellowship. The authors acknowledge the University Grants Commission (UGC, India; Student ID: 1556/ (CSIR-UGC NET June 2019)), for providing the financial assistance by recognizing the Department of Physics, The University of Burdwan as a Centre for Advanced Study (CAS) under the thrust area ″Condensed Matter Physics including Laser applications″ (No. F. 530/20/CAS II/2018(SAP-I)).The authors also acknowledge Dr. Joydeep Chowdhury, Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India for his kind support by providing the Raman data.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, 713104, India

    Mamotaj Khatun, Bithika Mandal, Sanjoy Mukherjee & Partha Mitra

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  1. Mamotaj Khatun
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  2. Bithika Mandal
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  3. Sanjoy Mukherjee
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Contributions

MK: conceptualization: equal, data acquisition: lead, formal analysis: lead, investigation: lead, methodology: lead, software: equal, writing original draft: lead, editing: equal. BM: formal analysis: supporting, software: equal. SM: conceptualization: equal, supervision, writing review & editing: equal. PM: conceptualization: equal, supervision, writing—review & editing: equal.

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Correspondence to Partha Mitra.

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Khatun, M., Mandal, B., Mukherjee, S. et al. Dependence of the efficiency of ZnSnO3 nanopowder photocatalyst against Congo red on the sintering temperature of the as-prepared samples. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 35, 325 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-024-12075-9

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