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Enhancement of crystallinity with porosity material through solvent and thermal treated eggshell waste for high-performance supercapacitor applications

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Abstract

The chicken eggshell has pores which deliver air to yolk and they are made from calcite crystals. To make this shell more porous by treating it with various solvents and carbonizing at different temperatures to use them as electrode material for energy storage devices. The eggshell waste-03 sample stands out among the other two in terms of crystallinity, crystallite size, and porosity according to X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) Surface area analyser, and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopout among the other two in terms of crystallinity, crystallite size, and porosity according to X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) Surface area analyser, and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) results. The presence of elemental composition of calcium, carbon, and oxygen is revealed by the Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) analysis and the intermolecular chemical interactions C=O, C–O and Ca–O are validated by Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. In terms of practical utilization, the electrochemical performance studies reveal graphene oxide incorporated with eggshell waste-based supercapacitor electrode is 64.52% capacitance retention over 2500 GCD cycles with columbic efficiency of 96.02%. It is observed maximum specific capacitance value of 453 F/g at current density of 2 A/g from GCD and CV curve exhibits 397 F/g at scan rate of 10 mV/s, respectively. Hence, Eggshell waste with enhanced porous nature for carbonized materials is naturally occurring, affordable, and promising material for energy storage applications.

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Funding

We would like to thank DST-PURSE laboratory, Mangalore University for their FESEM facility and SC/ST cell, Mangalore University for providing fellowship to pursue research work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri, Mangalore, Karnataka, 574199, India

    D. S. Suresh, Abdullah Ba Shbil, Sapna Sharanappa, S. P. Vijaykumar, H. Ganesha, S. Veeresh, Y. S. Nagaraju & H. Devendrappa

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  2. Abdullah Ba Shbil
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Contributions

All authors are made contribution in their own to this article as follows; SDS: He has conducted all experimental measurements and data analysis. ABS: He has involved in the synthesis of material. SS: She has contributed to conduct characterization of material. VSP: He has involved to fabricate the supercapacitor electrode. GH: He has contributed to write a manuscript. VS: He has reviewed the manuscript. NYS: He has helped to grammar check of the manuscript. DH: Corresponding author contributed as a mentor to this work.

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Correspondence to H. Devendrappa.

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Suresh, D.S., Ba Shbil, A., Sharanappa, S. et al. Enhancement of crystallinity with porosity material through solvent and thermal treated eggshell waste for high-performance supercapacitor applications. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 35, 330 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-024-12021-9

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