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Excellent microwave-absorbing performance in nanofiber nanocomposites by biomass conversion of sodium alginate

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Abstract

Sodium alginate, as one of natural polymer existing in marine plants, can function as precursor of carbon-based microwave-absorbing materials with the advantages of low cost, easy degradation, and non-toxicity. However, its resultant carbon-based materials suffer from the poor impedance matching and low lossy capacity due to no magnetism and small amount of interface. In this work, CoNi alloy nanoparticles were uniformly located on the surface of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) derived from the sodium alginate fabricated by the electrospinning and solvothermal method to construct the CNFs/CoNi nanocomposites. The results show that CNFs/CoNi nanocomposites have the good absorbing performance, where the minimum RL of − 56.96 dB at a very thin thickness of 1.63 mm and an effective absorption bandwidth of 5.3 GHz (12.7–18 GHz) at a very thin thickness of 1.7 mm are obtained, respectively. The excellent wave-absorbing performance is mainly attributed to the appropriate impedance matching and high attenuation factor. The multilevel interfacial polarization from the interfaces between CoNi nanoparticles and carbon nanofiber makes the main contribution to the wave-absorbing performance at the whole test frequency range, while the natural ferromagnetic resonance of CoNi composition dominates the low frequency range and eddy current loss plays a major role at higher frequency range. This work develops a simple method for designing high-performance microwave-absorbing nanocomposites by using the marine raw materials of sodium alginate.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, [Hua Yuan], upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We appreciate the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 52072193, U22A20131), the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (Nos. ZR2021JQ16 and ZR2023YQ040), State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials (KF2217), the Shandong Provincial College Students’ innovation and entrepreneurship training program (S202311065122).

Funding

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 52072193, U22A20131), the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (Grant Nos. ZR2021JQ16, ZR2023YQ040), State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials (Grant No. KF2217), the Shandong Provincial College Students’ innovation and entrepreneurship training program (Grant No. S202211065062).

Author information

Author notes

  1. Yifeng Dai and Haowei Sun contributed equally to this work, and both can be considered as first author.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shandong Featured Laboratory for Biomaterials Rheology and Functionalization, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China

    Yifeng Dai, Haowei Sun, Fuzhi Wang, Peitao Xie, Ruixia Yang & Hua Yuan

  2. Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, 266000, China

    Meng Hao & Dechun Liu

  3. Shandong Institute for Product Quality Inspection, Jinan, 250102, China

    Jinjin Mou

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  1. Yifeng Dai
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  2. Haowei Sun
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  3. Meng Hao
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  9. Hua Yuan
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Contributions

Material preparation, characterization, and analysis were performed by YD, HS, JM and FW. YD, MH, DL, PX and HY wrote the manuscript. HY gave financial support for this work. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Meng Hao, Dechun Liu, Ruixia Yang or Hua Yuan.

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Dai, Y., Sun, H., Hao, M. et al. Excellent microwave-absorbing performance in nanofiber nanocomposites by biomass conversion of sodium alginate. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 35, 241 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-024-11953-6

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